LVM3 (GSLV Mark III) -- ИНДИЙСКАЯ PAKETA

[Salo]

http://www.isro.gov.in/nozzle-testing-laboratories-established-vssc

Nozzle Testing Laboratories established at VSSC


Performance improvement in propulsion systems is essential towards achieving cost effective launch vehicles. Apart from propellant energetics, the nozzle plays a vital role in improving propulsion system performance. Therefore by improving performance of existing nozzles and by developing new nozzle concepts, which can operate at both low and high altitude regimes, it is possible to obtain significant gains in the delivered specific impulse of rockets. With these objectives, ISRO has established Nozzle Testing Laboratories (NTL) at Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvananthapuram.
 
The NTL consists of a Nitrogen gas generation and storage system, a graphite cored induction heater (for heating nitrogen), a test chamber, a diffuser system and heat exchanger, coolant system and power supply systems. The facility utilizes the available 6600 m3 capacity vacuum vessel of the Hypersonic Wind Tunnel (HWT) for simulation of altitude pressure. For nozzle performance evaluation, heated nitrogen gas is allowed to expand in nozzles kept in the test chamber having simulated altitude pressure.  Gaseous nitrogen admitted to the storage heater from the top exits the heater at the required temperature. The facility utilises fast response pressure transducers and instrumentation to study nozzle phenomena. Nozzles up to Area Ratio (AR) 300 and more can be tested in the facility.
 
The NTL has the capability to cater to a wide range of studies related to nozzles such as:
 

[/li]
•      Contour optimization for large AR nozzles
•      Flow separation, techniques for flow separation control
•      Nozzle wall heat transfer
•      Regenerative cooling
•      Supersonic film cooling
•      Evaluation of new nozzle concepts
  

Experimental validation of flow separation control devices with minimal modifications in the existing contour nozzles enabling high AR operation can be carried out. Specific tests can be devised and carried out to validate Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) predictions. The facility can also be used to carry out open jet heat transfer studies.
 
The Nozzle Testing Laboratories was inaugurated recently by Chairman, ISRO which is a unique facility established for the first time in the country towards carrying out advanced R&D in the area of rocket nozzle. 
 

Inside view of NTL
 

A typical 100 AR nozzle developed for tests in the facility


Nozzle Testing Laboratories (NTL) Building at VSSC

[Andrey Samoilov]

Индия в рамках проекта Two Stage To Orbit разрабатывает многоразовую первую ступень, как у SpaceX
http://antariksh-space.blogspot.ru/2016/09/isro-human-spaceflight-program.html

http://antariksh-space.blogspot.ru/2016/06/isro-tsto-heavy-lift-launcher.html

[triage]

Andrey Samoilov пишет:
Индия в рамках проекта Two Stage To Orbit разрабатывает многоразовую первую ступень, как у SpaceX

это другая разработка или та же самая http://novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/forum/forum13/topic14644/

[Salo]

https://www.spaceintelreport.com/us-policy-on-indias-rockets-dead-man-walking

Coming to a commercial market near you: India's GSLV Mark 3
On the heels of the PSLV is India's GSLV Mark 3 rocket, designed to carry satellites weighing up to 4,000 kilograms into geostationary transfer orbit, the destination of most telecommunications satellites.
As is the case with start-up U.S. rockets, the GSLV is far behind schedule but is moving inexorably toward operations. A 50-second test of its CS 25 cryogenic upper-stage engine on Jan. 25 was declared a success.
ISRO Chairman A.S. Kiran Kumar said after the PSLV launch that a flight-duration test of the engine, lasting 640 seconds, was scheduled for Feb. 17.

[zandr]

http://tass.ru/kosmos/4035798

Индия успешно испытала собственный криогенный двигатель для тяжелой ракеты-носителя
НЬЮ-ДЕЛИ, 18 февраля. /Корр. ТАСС Евгений Пахомов/. Индийская организация космических исследований провела успешное испытание криогенного двигателя собственной разработки, предназначенного для тяжелой ракеты-носителя нового поколения. Как сообщает телеканал NDTV, силовой агрегат проработал полные 10 минут.
Испытания состоялись днем ранее на территории двигателестроительного комплекса в Махендрагири на юге страны. Силовой агрегат предназначен для установки на новой индийской ракете-носителе GSLV Mark III  высотой около 50 м и весом более 414 тонн. Эти испытания стали последними перед запуском ракеты, который может состоятся в этом году, указывает телеканал.
Новый мощный носитель GSLV Mark III сможет выводить грузы до 10 тонн на низкую околоземную орбиту и до 4 тонн - на геосинхронную орбиту. Планируется также, что он может быть использован для выведения на орбиту первого индийского космического корабля с людьми на борту. В перспективе GSLV Mark III также предназначается для запуска межпланетных автоматических станций.
Как указывает NDTV, разработка нового двигателя потребовала почти 20 лет, поскольку в 1990-е годы Россия под давлением США была вынуждена отказаться от передачи индийской стороне технологий производства криогенных силовых установок. Создание такого двигателя - очень сложная задача, ее смогли решить только РФ, США, Франция, Китай, Япония и Индия, отмечает телеканал.

[Salo]

http://www.livemint.com/Science/drqqoJazqXcZM4Hr3v1WtL/India-to-launch-GSLV-MarkIII-in-another-two-months-ISRO-sp.html

India to launch GSLV Mark-III in another two months: ISRO space scientist
 ISRO scientist TGK Murthy says India will also launch a satellite to study the sun and global climate change named Aditya-L1 weighing 400 kg
PTI

ISRO has been successful in testing high-thrust cryogenic technology for use in the launch vehicle, GSLV Mark-III, said ISRO's TGK Murthy. Photo: Wikimedia commons

Kolkata: India is going to launch GSLV Mark-III, the country's most powerful launch vehicle, in another two months, senior space scientist and ex-programme director of ISRO professor T.G.K. Murthy said on Friday.
"In another two months, we are going to launch GSLV Mark-III. We are going to launch four satellites from the Indian soil in the near future," Murthy told PTI on the sidelines of a three-day international conference on 'Advances in Science and Technology' in Kolkata.
ISRO has been successful in testing the high-thrust cryogenic technology for use in the launch vehicle, GSLV Mark-III, the space scientist said.

[che wi]

The vehicle is designed to take a payload of four tonnes, but it would still not be enough for some of Isro's future requirements.

"Satellites are getting heavier and heavier," says K Sivan, director of the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) in Thiruvananthapuram. "So we have to increase the capacity of the vehicle."

GSLV Mark III can be tweaked to later to carry more than six tonnes of payload into a geostationary orbit, by replacing the core liquid stage with a semi-cryogenic engine. This engine is under development, and might take three to four years. After its development, India would be able to put six to seven tonne-class of satellites into a geostationary orbit, and stop using expensive overseas facilities for launching its communication satellites.

http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/science/gslv-mark-iii-launch-why-isros-biggest-challenge-will-be-at-the-end-of-this-month/articleshow/58466879.cms

[Salo]

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/baahubali-rocket-gslv-mk-iii-has-perfect-launch/articleshow/59009384.cms

'Baahubali' rocket GSLV Mk-III has perfect launch
U Tejonmayam | Jun 6, 2017, 04.23 AM IST
ISRO's heaviest rocket GSLV Mk-III was launched successfully

 SRIHARIKOTA: The country took another step towards establishing itself in the global heavy payload market, successfully launching its most powerful rocket, GSLV Mk III, on Monday .
 
 After the rocket, nicknamed "Fat Boy", fired by a high-thrust indigenous cryogenic engine, lifted off at 5.28pm fr om the second launch pad at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, a fourtonne communications satellite, GSAT 19, the country's heaviest, was placed in geosynchronous transfer orbit 15.53 minutes later, a few seconds earlier than scheduled.
 
 The Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) has now demonstrated its mastery in developing a cryogenic engine, a technology denied to it years ago. The launch also proves the homegrown launch vehicle's capability of hurling up to four payloads into higher orbits. Isro chairman A S Kiran Kumar said, "The GSLV Mk III needs just one more developmental flight, planned in a year, before it can be declared operational."
 
 The boosters of satellite GSAT 19 would be fired at 9.30am on Tuesday to make a series of manoeuvres in the next two days so that it would be placed in its orbital slot in two weeks, he said.
 
 The launch demonstrated an indigenous cryogenic engine, in the works since 2002, a strong foundation for ambitious future projects, including Chandraayan II, scheduled for the first quarter of 2018, and a manned mission. It also showed the capability to make a next-generation satellite with a high reach. The satellite contains 50 new technologies which will be its mainstay in the next decade.
 
 The mood was upbeat at mission control wh ere scientists burst into applause when the cryogenic stage started to burn. On its maiden flight, the CE-20 engine was operational for 640 seconds. Congratulating the scientists and others involved in the mission, Kiran Kumar said it was a historic day . "The entire team has worked since 2002. The vehicle carried the next-generation satellite."
 
 Dr K Sivan, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre director, said it was the commencement of complex technologies -a vehicle that can carry twice the payload weight and a high throughput satellite. "It is the continued efforts of the team and industry contribution."
 
 Satish Dhawan Space Centre director P Kunhikrishnan said Isro had made two new technologies for GSLV MkIII at the launch pad. "We made an acoustic suppression unit, which is a tower containing 600 tonnes of water, and a solid propellant plant to prepare the 200 tonnes each of propellant loaded in each of the motors. The suppression unit splashed the water on the rocket when it lifted off." Satish Dhawan Space CenS tre director P Kunhikrish nan said integration for the next launch of PSLV C38 was on simultaneously at the first launch pad. "It is planned for the next half of the month.The next GSLV Mk III will be integrated in the new vehicle assembly , which will be three times bigger," he said.
 
 GSAT-19 carried transponders and a geostationary radiation spectrometer which will monitor and study the nature of charged particles and the influence of space radiation on satellites and their electronic components.

 Kiran Kumar said the immediate requirement was to improve the launch frequency of PSLVs and undertake at least two GSLV MkII launches per year. "NASA 's synthetic aperture radar will be launched using a MkII rocket.The cost of doing the launches in India is cheaper than going abroad. At the cost of hiring a launch vehicle abroad, we can make a launch vehicle and satellite here," he said.
 
 Commenting on commercialisation of the GSLV launch, he said "with every launch credibility will go up and customers will have confidence, and it will also bring down the insurance premium". On whether India would go abroad for future launches, he said the country had not used foreign launch vehicles to put satellites in lower Earth orbit since 1995.

[che wi]

ISRO to bank on semi-cryogenic engine for heavy lift rockets

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has progressed to the testing of subsystems in the development of a semi-cryogenic engine for rockets with heavier payload capacity.

The testing facilities at the ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri, are being augmented for the engine being developed by the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre here under a project codenamed SCE 200. Three of the four turbo pumps of the new engine have been tested and the pre-burner and thrust chamber are being readied for testing, LPSC Director S. Somanath told The Hindu.

The semi-cryogenic engine uses a combination of liquid oxygen (LOX) and refined kerosene (Isrosene) as propellants.

ISRO scientists have simultaneously begun work on the stage configuration. ''We hope to complete the development of the engine by 2019. The stage test is expected to take place by 2020, followed by the first flight test in 2021,'' he said.

One of the options before ISRO is to replace the liquid core (L110) engine of the GSLV Mark 3 with the SCE-200 to boost the payload capacity of the rocket from four to six tonnes. ''That could be one of the immediate applications of the new engine, though the objective is to power the future heavy lift launch vehicles and reusable launch vehicles as well as human spaceflight missions,'' K. Sivan, Director, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, said.

Mindful of the fact that the standard size of satellites is expected to go up in the near future, ISRO is already looking much ahead. On the cards is a proposal to develop a bigger semi cryogenic engine with a cluster of four or five engines that could generate a lift of eight to 10 tonnes.

A clustered semi cryogenic booster with a more powerful cryogenic upper stage is another possibility. ''Once we have mastered the technology, we could possibly go on to modular development of rockets with different configurations,'' Mr. Somanath said.

But before that, ISRO needs to ensure that critical technologies such as special materials and coatings, brazing process, kerosene refinement, combustion instability and control components are mastered and the necessary infrastructure is in place.

[Старый]

The semi-cryogenic engine uses a combination of liquid oxygen (LOX) and refined kerosene (Isrosene) as propellants.

Исросин! Жаль что подобную терминологию не использует НАСА, ато был бы Насосин.

[che wi]

С форума nsf:

According to ISRO fully integrated SCE-200 will be delivered ready for testing by the end of year. A hot fire should take place between Jan-June 2018 depending on readiness of new testing facility.

[Salo]

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/isro-gets-nod-for-semi-cryogenic-engine-will-boost-gslvs-lift-capability-by-1-tonne/articleshow/64499802.cms

Isro gets nod for semi-cryogenic engine, will boost GSLV's lift capability by 1 tonneSurendra Singh | TNN | Jun 8, 2018, 06:27 IST

Highlights

[/li]
• Space Commission has given approval to Isro to develop a semi-croygenic engine, which will increase the lifting capability of its GSLV Mk III rocket by one tonne
• Satellites will track now production of 25 crops instead of eight: Isro chief
  

NEW DELHI: The Space Commission has given approval to Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) to develop a semi-croygenic engine, which will increase the lifting capability of its GSLV Mk III rocket by one tonne.
 
Talking to TOI about the new project, Isro chairman K Sivan said, "After a presentation before the Space Commission, Isro has got the approval for developing the semi-cryogenic rocket stage. The deadline to develop this stage is 29 months. Once the stage is ready, the carrying capability of GSLV Mk III will increase from the existing four tonnes to five tonnes."
 
Explaining the project, Sivan said, "A GSLV Mk III rocket comprises two strap-on boosters (to provide thrust during a launch), middle stage that carries liquid fuel nitrogen tetroxide and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, and the second stage, which consists of a cryogenic engine. Once the semicryogenic stage is developed, we will simply replace the middle liquid fuel stage with it. The new stage is likely to be an exact fit and the rocket will look like the earlier one from outside."
 
He said, "The first launch of Isro's heaviest rocket GSLV Mk III DI last year carried 3.1 tonne weight. The second launch of Mk III D2, scheduled in July this year and which will carry Gsat-29 satellite, will have the load capability of 3.7 tonnes. We can easily raise the weight up to 4 tonne. With the semicryogenic stage, the same rocket will be able to carry the load up to five tonne. With the increased capability, we don't have to depend on foreign spaceports to launch our satellites weighing over 5 tonnes."

[Salo]

Креатив от члена БРИКС:
https://www.firstpost.com/tech/science/how-does-isros-gslv-mk-iii-fare-against-some-of-the-worlds-most-powerful-rockets-6841311.html

[Salo]

С одной стороны нет Протона-М,  а с другой GSLV Mk III скорее нужно сравнивать с Союзом-2-1Б/Фрегат.

[Старый]

Salo написал:
С одной стороны нет Протона-М,  а с другой GSLV Mk III скорее нужно сравнивать с Союзом-2-1Б/Фрегат.

Вобщето аналог Союза это PSLV. Максимум - GSLV-2. 

[Старый]

Salo написал:
С одной стороны нет Протона-М,

Да, в этом ряду должны быть Протон и Н-2А/В.

[Salo]

Старый написал:
Вобщето аналог Союза это PSLV. Максимум - GSLV-2.  

Союз-СТБ:

[Salo]

PSLV XL:
https://www.isro.gov.in/launchers/pslv

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Payload to SSPO: 1,750 kg

PSLV earned its title 'the Workhorse of ISRO' through consistently delivering various satellites to Low Earth Orbits, particularly the IRS series of satellites. It can take up to 1,750 kg of payload to Sun-Synchronous Polar Orbits of 600 km altitude.
Payload to Sub GTO: 1,425 kg

Due to its unmatched reliability, PSLV has also been used to launch various satellites into Geosynchronous and Geostationary orbits, like satellites from the IRNSS constellation.

GSLV Mk II:
https://www.isro.gov.in/launchers/gslv

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Payload to GTO: 2,500 kg

GSLV's primary payloads are INSAT class of communication satellites that operate from Geostationary orbits and hence are placed in Geosynchronous Transfer Orbits by GSLV.

Payload to LEO: 5,000 kg

Further, GSLV's capability of placing up to 5 tonnes in Low Earth Orbits broadens the scope of payloads from heavy satellites to multiple smaller satellites.

GSLV Mk III:
https://www.isro.gov.in/launchers/gslv-mk-iii

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Payload to GTO: 4,000 kg

GSLV Mk III will be capable of placing the 4 tonne class satellites of the GSAT series into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbits.

Payload to LEO: 8,000 kg

The powerful cryogenic stage of GSLV Mk III enables it to place heavy payloads into Low Earth Orbits of 600 km altitude.

[Salo]

http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/gslv.html

GSLV Flight Record

 DATE     VEHICLE      ID     PAYLOAD    MASS(t) SITE  ORBIT
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
04/18/01 GSLV          D01  GSAT 1           1.54    SR 1  [GTO-](1)
05/08/03 GSLV          D02  GSAT 2           1.80    SR 1  GTO
09/20/04 GSLV          F01  Edusat            2.00    SR 1  GTO
07/10/06 GSLV          F02  INSAT 4C        2.17    SR 2  [FTO](2)
09/02/07 GSLV          F04  INSAT 4CR      2.13    SR 2  [EEO](3)
04/15/10 GSLV Mk2   D03  GSAT 4           2.22   SR 2  [FTO](4)
12/25/10 GSLV          F06  GSAT-5P         2.31    SR 2  [FTO](5)
01/05/14 GSLV Mk2   D05  GSAT 14        1.98    SR 2  GTO (6)
08/27/15 GLSV Mk2   D06  GSAT 6          2.117  SR 2  GTO
09/08/16 GSLV Mk2   F05  INSAT 3DR     2.211  SR 2  GTO
05/05/17 GSLV Mk2   F09  GSAT 9          2.23    SR 2  GTO
03/29/18 GSLV Mk2   F08  GSAT 6A        2.14    SR 2  GTO
12/19/18 GSLV Mk2+ F11  GSAT 7A        2.25    SR 2  GTO+(7)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Upper stage shut down early. Left GSAT-1 4,000 km short of planned GTO apogee.
(2) First stage liquid strap-on failed shortly after liftoff
(3) Launch vehicle placed INSAT-4CR in 168 x 31,786 km x 15.8 deg orbit, well
short of planned 170 x 35,975 km x 21.7 deg GTO. Guidance error.
(4) 3rd Stg failed at or near startup. First Indian Cryo Stage
(5) Control failed T+47 sec. RSO T+63 sec.
(6) ISRO's first indeginous cryo upper stage success.
(7) First indigenous CUS-15 upper stage.
============================================================

http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/gslvmk3.html

GSLV Mk 3 Flight Record

    DATE    VEHICLE      ID     PAYLOAD      MASS(t)  SITE  ORBIT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
12/18/14  LMV3-X       X1  CARE/Test Flt    3.735   SR 2  SUB [1]
06/05/17  GSLV Mk3   D1  GSAT 19E          3.136   SR 2  GTO [2]
11/14/18  GSLV Mk3   D2  GSAT 29            3.4       SR 2  GTO  
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] Suborbital test with dummy Stage 3.  CARE crew module performed
    reentry and splashdown to test recovery systems.
[2] First GSLV Mk3 orbital launch.

http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/soyuz.html

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATE                 VEHICLE           ID      PAYLOAD             MASS(t) SITE*      ORBIT**
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
01/28/17 Soyuz 2-1b/Fregat  VS16    Hispasat 36W-1   3.22   KO ELS      GTO
05/18/17 Soyuz 2.1a/Fregat  VS17    SES 15                 2.302  KO ELS     GTO+

[Salo]

Союз-СТА/Фрегат-М примерно соответствует GSLV Mk II,  а Союз-СТБ/Фрегат-МТ - GSLV Mk III.