Hayabusa 2 (Хаябуса-2), Procyon – H-IIA F26 – Танэгасима – 03.12.2014 04:22:04 UTC

Автор Космос-3794, 13.08.2010 10:49:07

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Pirat5

 

This is the series of nine pictures taken from about 12:00 (noon) to around 15:00 JST on February 26, 2018. The celestial body moving slightly from left to right near the centre of each frame is Ryugu. Objects that can only be seen momentarily as they appear and disappear between frames are image noise. The viewing angle of the photo is 0.8 deg. (Credit: JAXA, University of Tokyo, Kochi University, Rikkyo University, Nagoya University, Chiba Institute of Technology, Meiji University, University of Aizu and AIST.)
http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/topics/20180301_e/

tnt22

http://spaceflight101.com/hayabusa-2-first-images-ryugu/
ЦитироватьEyes on Target: Japan's Hayabusa 2 Takes First Images of Asteroid Ryugu
March 2, 2018


Artist's Impression of Hayabusa 2 Approaching Ryugu – Image: Akihiro Ikeshita

Japan's Hayabusa 2 spacecraft – on a quest to touch an asteroid – has set its sight on its destination in late February via the first detection of asteroid Ryugu by the craft's Telescopic Optical Navigation Camera that will be used to guide it into close proximity to the distant world later this year.

The probe still has over a million Kilometers to cover in order to reach its target in June for a one-and-a-half-year exploration mission that will see the spacecraft dispatch a series of landers and an impactor while also making contact with Ryugu itself to scoop up sample material to be returned to Earth in December 2020.

The first optical images of Ryugu, only appearing as a speck of light, were taken by the faraway spacecraft on February 26, Day 1,181 of the Hayabusa 2 mission that started back on December 3, 2014 with a successful launch atop an H-IIA rocket that sent the 590-Kilogram craft on a three-and-a-half-year journey to Ryugu – a 920-meter C-type primitive body that is hoped to hold a treasure trove of scientific information in the form of a preserved record of the early days of the solar system.


Credit: JAXA, Hayabusa Consortium
Спойлер
Sent off at a top speed of 11.8 Kilometers per second (relative to Earth), Hayabusa 2 entered a heliocentric orbit and completed 547 hours of ion engine firings between March and September 2015 to adjust course for an Earth flyby on December 3rd that saw the spacecraft zip past the planet at an altitude of around 3,090 Kilometers and borrow some of Earth's angular momentum to speed up in its orbit around the sun to reach asteroid Ryugu. The speedy flyby provided a welcome opportunity for exercising the craft's instrument suite and collecting calibration data of a very well-known target.

Heading back out, Hayabusa 2 was set for two major orbit-adjustment campaigns using its ion engines to slowly catch up with Ryugu that orbits the sun at 0.96 by 1.42 astronomical units. Some testing of the craft's critical systems including the long-distance Ka-Band communications link were carried out along the way and the ion engines were operated for 794 hours between March and May 2016 to adjust the craft's solar orbit by changing its speed by 127 m/s and adding a brief fine-tuning maneuver of 40 cm/s. The second orbit-adjustment campaign between November 2016 and May 2017 operated three of the four engines for 2,558 hours to change the craft's speed by 435 m/s.


Earth Flyby Montage – Image: JAXA


Hayabusa Orbit Evolution – Image: JAXA

Hayabusa began firing three of its four ion engines again on January 10, 2018 marking the initiation of the far-field approach phase to take the spacecraft toward its destination with ion engine operation planned to last until early June when the final approach phase will be initiated fr om a distance of 2,500 Kilometers. Until June, the ion engines are expected to operate for 2,700 hours for a total delta-v of around 400 meters per second.

On February 26, Hayabusa pointed its Telescopic Optical Navigation Camera ONC-T toward Ryugu's location and snapped approximately 300 images, a subset of which were transmitted on the 27th and indeed show the asteroid at an optical magnitude of 9. At the time the images were taken, the spacecraft was still 1.3 million Kilometers from its destination.

The ONC-T images provided independent confirmation that Hayabusa 2 is on the correct approach course toward Ryugu in addition to constant radio tracking of the spacecraft's trajectory. According to Project Management, the spacecraft remains in excellent health and the current ion propulsion phase will proceed with maximum thrust.

Reaching the approach point in early June, Hayabusa 2 will rely on its three Optical Navigation Cameras to provide relative navigation data used by mission teams on Earth to plan the spacecraft's final approach, first into a 20-Kilometer surveying orbit wh ere the spacecraft is expected to arrive by July 5th. It will then be set for a step-wise descent first to five and then to one Kilometer from Ryugu's surface to collect detailed remote-sensing data of the asteroid using a pair of infrared spectrometers tasked with studying the energy balance of the asteroid as well as its chemical composition.


Photo: JAXA

The primary payload of Hayabusa 2 is a sample collection system that will acquire small amounts of surface samples during as many as three brief touchdowns of the main spacecraft on the asteroid's surface using a high-fidelity navigation system that allows the spacecraft to make contact with the surface just long enough to shoot down a projectile and scoop up lifted dust through a sampling horn.

Furthermore, the spacecraft will dispatch four landers – the 10-Kilogram MASCOT lander built in Europe for an in-situ study of surface composition and properties, and three MINERVA landers to deliver imagery and temperature measurements. All landers will make several hops across the asteroid's surface to take measurements at different locations.

>> Detailed Spacecraft, Instrument, Lander & Science Overview


Image: Akihiro Ikeshita

Another payload of the mission is an impactor device that will be deployed towards the asteroid and use high-explosives to generate a high-speed impact that is hoped to expose material from under the asteroid's surface for later collection by Hayabusa 2. A deployable camera will be used to document the impact of the penetrator.

The number of touch-and-go attempts and landers to be dispatched not only makes Hayabusa 2 one of the most complex missions currently in operation but also creates a packed schedule for the 18 months it plans to spend in proximity to the asteroid. Per current planning schedules, the initial touchdown and lander deployment is planned for September/October followed by a brief intermission ahead of touchdown #2 in February 2019, the release of the impactor in March/April and the third touchdown one month later. Departure of Ryugu is expected in December 2019 for a one-year return journey expected to culminate with the high-speed re-entry and landing of the hermetically sealed Sample Return Capsule in Australia.
[свернуть]

Pirat5

HAYABUSA2@JAXA‏ @haya2e_jaxa 10 апр.
Hayabusa2 is now 380,000 km from asteroid Ryugu! That's the distance between the Earth & the Moon.

time
 
Matters
 
Situation
 
January 10
 
Third stage ion engine operation started
 
Already
 
Beginning of June
 
Ion engine operation end
 
plan
 
Beginning of June
 
Asteroid approach approach start (distance 2,500 km)
 
plans
 
June 21 - July 5
 
Arrival of asteroid (altitude 20 km)
 
plans
 
http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/topics/mission_schedule/

zandr

http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/topics/20180515_e2/
ЦитироватьHayabusa2's Star Tracker has successfully imaged Ryugu!

Hayabusa2 is currently operating its ion engines as the spacecraft approaches asteroid Ryugu. But on May 11, the ion engines were temporarily stopped so that the onboard Star Tracker (see note 1) could take a photograph of Ryugu. This observation of the direction of Ryugu from the spacecraft will be used for optical navigation (see note 2).
The Star Tracker took three sets of three images approximately one day apart, between May 11 - 14. The three images in each set were separated by several hours. The images were all taken successfully and were used to accurately measure the position of Ryugu in each image. We have now begun to use this data to determine the accurate orbits of both spacecraft and asteroid.
 Figure 1: Photograph of Ryugu using the Star Tracker. The celestial body within the yellow circle is Ryugu, moving from right to left across the image. The photographs were taken at approximately 01:00 on May 12, 02:00 on May 13 and 01:00 on May 14 (JST). These are taken from the spacecraft in the direction of Pisces. "Psc" is an abbreviation of Pisces. The field of view is 9°×7°. (Image credit: JAXA, Kyoto University, Japan Spaceguard Association, Seoul National University.)
 Figure 2: Animation of the previous figure. Features that seem to appear and disappear are image noise. (Image credit:JAXA, Kyoto University, Japan Spaceguard Association, Seoul National University.)
Спойлер
Note 1: The Star Tracker is an instrument typically used for estimating the orientation of the spacecraft by measuring the position of surrounding stars. However, in this mode, it can be used to take images like a camera.
Note 2: The spacecraft position is usually estimated by communicating with the spacecraft using radio waves. This is known as "radio navigation". But just before Hayabusa2 arrives at Ryugu, the trajectory of the asteroid and spacecraft needs to be known as accurately as possible. We, therefore, use image data to measure the direction of Ryugu from Hayabusa2. Combining this with the radio navigation, the orbit of both asteroid and spacecraft can be estimated to greater precision. This is referred to as "optical navigation".
[свернуть]
Hayabusa2 Project
 2018.05.15

поц

#164
How to keep up with Hayabusa2

ЦитироватьEmily Lakdawalla • May 25, 2018
How to keep up with Hayabusa2

Hayabusa2 is approaching Ryugu! Here's how to stay on top of the mission.
As I write this, fewer than 21,000 kilometers separate the Hayabusa2 spacecraft from its asteroid target, Ryugu, and it's approaching the asteroid at a speed of 40 meters per second -- only about 150 kilometers per hour. I have always paired Hayabusa2 and OSIRIS-REx in my mind, because they are both sample-return missions approaching their target asteroids in summer 2018. But Hayabusa2 will already have touched down on its asteroid by the end of 2018, while OSIRIS-REx will still be surveying Bennu from a distance at the end of the year. It's time for those of us who've been sleeping on Hayabusa2 to wake up and pay attention!

HAYABUSA2 AT ASTEROID 1999 JU3


Hayabusa2's schedule is a little difficult to predict because the asteroid's shape isn't known yet; they'll be planning survey and touchdown activities in response to what they discover. With that disclaimer, here's the provisional schedule for the rest of 2018.
    [/li]
  • Early June: At a distance of 2500 kilometers, the "approach" phase officially begins, and ion engine operation ends. They will coast the rest of the way toward Ryugu. If you divide today's 21,000 kilometers by 0.04 kilometers per second, I get Hayabusa2 approaching to within 2500 kilometers of the asteroid on May 29 or 30, but of course they are using the ion engines now to slow down the rate at which they are closing with the asteroid.
  • June 21-July 5: Hayabusa2 arrives at Ryugu, approaching to within 20 kilometers.
  • End of July: Hayabusa2 descends to a distance of 5 kilometers to perform medium-altitude observations.
  • August: Hayabusa2 descends to only 1 kilometer to measure Ryugu's gravity close-up (necessary to prepare to land on it)
  • September-October: Period for first touchdown operation. One or more of Hayabusa2's three MINERVA-II rovers and/or theEuropean-built MASCOT lander may be released at this time.
  • November-December: Solar conjunction, no communications
    I won't reproduce the rest of the currently posted timeline because I bet there'll be changes to it between arrival and the planned departure date of November or December of 2019.
  • MASCOT mission animation from DLR
MASCOT (Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout) is an asteroid lander built by the German space agency DLR for the Hayabusa2 mission. It is tiny, only 30 by 30 by 20 centimeters in size, weighing 10 kilograms. It has an internal motion mechanism that will allow it to hop across the surface of asteroid Ryugu.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_BPJV2W4GU

поц

#165
ЦитироватьMASCOT Lander‏Подлинная учетная запись @MASCOT2018 1 ч.1 час назад


Less than 10,000 kilometres to #asteroid #Ryugu! @haya2kun... we're getting close!


tnt22

ЦитироватьHAYABUSA2@JAXA‏ @haya2e_jaxa 11 ч. назад

Have you seen? We have dipped below the 10,000 km mark from asteroid Ryugu and are now nearly only 7,000 km away from our destination!


tnt22

#167
ЦитироватьJonathan McDowell‏Подлинная учетная запись @planet4589 7 ч. назад

The JAXA Hayabusa-2 page http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/  reports current distance (as of Jun 1 0434 UTC) is 5821 km to Ryugu
на 11:27 UTC

tnt22


zandr

http://tass.ru/kosmos/5259522
ЦитироватьЯпонский зонд начал завершающий этап полета к астероиду, где будут взяты образцы пород
ТОКИО, 4 июня. /ТАСС/. Японский космический зонд "Хаябуса-2" ("Сокол-2") вышел на завершающий этап своего полета к астероиду Рюгу, на котором он должен совершить посадку. Об этом объявило в понедельник Аэрокосмическое агентство JAXA.
В воскресенье, как передает информационное агентство Kyodo, был отключен основной ионный двигатель зонда. Направление завершающего этапа полета будет корректироваться с помощью вспомогательного двигателя на химическом топливе. К астероиду аппарат должен подойти в период между 21 июня и 5 июля.
Спойлер
Рюгу диаметром всего 900 метров находится между Землей и Марсом. "Хаябуса-2" был запущен к астероиду в декабре 2014 года с космодрома на японском острове Танэгасима.
Зонд должен взять на Рюгу образцы пород и вернуться на Землю. Ученые надеются найти на астероиде следы воды и органических веществ, что может помочь в разгадке тайны распространения жизни во Вселенной. На Землю "Хаябуса-2" весом около 600 кг должен вернуться в конце 2020 года.
Этот аппарат представляет собой модифицированную версию первого "Сокола", который впервые в истории науки сумел доставить на Землю материалы, собранные на поверхности иного, нежели Луна, космического объекта. К удаленному от Земли на 336,5 млн км астероиду Итокава "Сокол-1" отправился с такой миссией в мае 2003 года. За семь лет своего полета с Земли и обратно зонд проделал самое длинное в истории человечества путешествие (преодолел 6 млрд км).
[свернуть]

tnt22

http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/topics/20180604_e/
ЦитироватьCompletion of forward cruise ion engine operation



Since January 10 this year (2018 ), the third phase of the ion engine operation has been underway. This was completed this week on June 3, ending the use of the ion engines for the outward approach towards asteroid Ryugu.

During the operation on June 3, the Hayabusa2's velocity was confirmed via Doppler data (the shift in radio wave frequency corresponding to the speed of the spacecraft along the line-of-sight from Earth) and the decision was made to stop ion engine operation at 14:59 JST at machine time (the time recorded by Hayabusa2 on-board clock). The telemetry data from the spacecraft received at 15:16 confirmed that ion engine operation has ended normally.

In this third phase of ion operation, the continuous operation time was about 2,426 hours, producing a velocity increase of 393 m/s (hourly speed of 1,400 km/hr).

From here on, accurate orbital determination of both the spacecraft and the asteroid will be made via radio and optical navigation as Hayabusa2 approaches Ryugu. We will return to report on the results of the ion engine operation and up-coming optical navigation soon.

Hayabusa2 Project
2018.06.04



zandr

https://ria.ru/science/20180607/1522301507.html
ЦитироватьЗонд "Хаябуса-2" получил первые фотографии астероида Рюгю

© JAXA Фотография астероида Рюгю, полученные зондом Хаябуса-2
МОСКВА, 7 июн – РИА Новости. Камера межпланетной станции "Хаябуса-2" получила первые снимки астероида Рюгю и передала их на Землю, что поможет пилотам выбрать оптимальный курс сближения с ним, сообщает сайт Японского космического агенства (JAXA).
"В тот момент, когда "Хаябуса" получила эти снимки, она находилась на расстоянии в 2600 километров от астероида. На такой дистанции каждый пиксель на картинке соответствует квадрату в 300 на 300 метров, что, к сожалению, пока не позволяет нам понять, какой формой обладает астероид", — сообщили в JAXA.
Зонд "Хаябуса-2", целью которого является изучение и забор проб с астероида Рюгю, был запущен в космос в начале декабря 2014 года. Он вернет на землю первые 100% "чистые" пробы первичной материи Солнечной системы.
Предшественник аппарата, зонд "Хаябуса", был запущен в космос в мае 2003 года. Это единственный космический аппарат, совершивший посадку и взлет с поверхности космического тела за пределами системы Земля-Луна. В 2005 году он совершил посадку на астероид Итокава, однако из-за неполадок взятие проб грунта прошло не по плану.

© JAXA  Фотография астероида Рюгю, полученные зондом "Хаябуса-2"
Его наследник, как ожидают специалисты JAXA, вернется к Земле в конце 2020 года, если все процедуры по забору грунту пройдут по плану, и капсула с образцами материи не повредится при посадке на поверхность нашей планеты. 
Забор грунта, несмотря на то, что "Хаябуса-2" уже достигла Рюгю, произойдет совсем нескоро. Сначала зонд должен определить свою точную орбиту и скорректировать ее, если возникнет такая необходимость, а затем — всесторонне изучить структуру недр и рельеф астероида.
Только после этого межпланетная станция сблизится с поверхностью Рюгю и сбросит на нее своеобразный "взрывпакет", который обнажит и выбросит нетронутый материал из недр астероида. "Хаябуса-2" соберет эту пыль и гальку, левитирующую в вакууме, во время второго пролета над этой точкой.
Первые снимки, полученные зондом вчера, стали первым шагом на пути к реализации этой задачи – они помогли научной команде "Хаябусы" понять, где находится зонд и проложить оптимальную траекторию сближения с астероидом. В ближайшее время астрономы надеются получить более детальные снимки Рюгю, на которых можно будет увидеть его форму и некоторые черты рельефа.

tnt22


sol

Т.е. посадки-взлета не предусмотрено и первая Хаябуса адолго останется единственным взлетевшим не с Луны аппаратом.
Массаракш!

Жизнь - это падение в пропасть неизвестной глубины и заполненную туманом.

tnt22

ЦитироватьHAYABUSA2@JAXA‏ @haya2e_jaxa 24 ч. назад

We've done our 1st Trajectory Correction Manoeuvre (TCM01) on June 8 ~12:30-13:40 JST. Using thrusters, Hayabusa2 was accelerated by ~24cm/s (-x), 5cm/s (-y), 14cm/s (z). The distance from the spacecraft to the asteroid was ~1900km & the relative speed after TCM01 was ~2.35m/s.


tnt22

ЦитироватьHAYABUSA2@JAXA‏ @haya2e_jaxa 6 ч. назад

Our laser altimeter (LIDAR) onboard Hayabusa2 has been turned on for the first time in 2 years & is working well! LIDAR is used to calculate distance to a target. Here's a story from the Chiba Institute of Technology, Planetary Exploration Research Center:
http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/topics/20180611_e/
http://www.hayabusa2.jaxa.jp/topics/20180611_e/
ЦитироватьLIDAR turned on for the first time in two years

The laser altimeter (LIght Detection And Ranging: LIDAR) onboard Hayabusa2 calculates the distance to the target by measuring the time it takes for light from a lasar to scatter from the target surface and return to the spacecraft. This is used to check the position of the spacecraft, measure the roughness of the surface of the celestial body and obtain a measure of how reflective that surface is. Since there is no target to reflect light in outer space, LIDAR was turned off during cruising.

Now that Hayabusa2 is approaching Ryugu, LIDAR was turned on and confirmed to be working normally (health check) on June 6, 2018. Since this is the first power-on in two years, commands were gradually issued to the LIDAR system and normal response was confirmed. As Hayabusa2 is now far from Earth, every communication takes 16 minutes each way, even travelling at the speed of light. In order to see the response to a command, we had to wait for a 32 minute round-trip!

After about five hours of careful checks, LIDAR was confirmed to be working normally. However, since the distance to Ryugu is still about 2000km, we cannot measure the distance to the asteroid yet.

Hayabusa2 is getting closer to Ryugu every day. Soon, LIDAR should be able to measure the distance. We are looking forward to the day we recieve that data!

The LIDAR system onboard Hayabusa2 is developed and operated with cooperation from the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ)/ JAXA / Chiba Institute of Technology / University of Aizu / Nihon University, Osaka University.

Hayabusa2 LIDAR Team
2018.06.08

tnt22

ЦитироватьHAYABUSA2@JAXA‏ @haya2e_jaxa 2 ч. назад

We have carried out the 2nd optical navigation trajectory correction manoeuvre (TCM02). On June 11, 2018 at ~09:30 - 10:40 JST, the thrusters were fired several times to give Hayabusa2 an acceleration of 13 cm/s (x-direction), 1 cm/s (-y-direction), 26 cm/s (z-direction). [1/2]

2 ч назад

The distance from the spacecraft to the asteroid during TCM02 was ~1320km and the relative speed after TCM02 was ~2.1m/s. Until now, Hayabusa2 was approaching Ryugu from the side. But the asteroid is now directly in front of the spacecraft, along the direction of travel. [2/2]