Новости МКС

Автор ДмитрийК, 22.12.2005 10:58:03

« назад - далее »

0 Пользователи и 1 гость просматривают эту тему.

tnt22

https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2017/11/15/iss-daily-summary-report-11152017/
ЦитироватьHQ
Posted on November 15, 2017

ISS Daily Summary Report – 11/15/2017

Probiotics Operations:
Спойлер
The crew completed the second half of the second sampling phase that began on GMT 316 with fecal sample collections. Today's activities included saliva sample collections, a questionnaire, and a capsule intake. This sampling phase was the second of four sampling phases for the JAXA Probiotic experiment. Some species of harmful bacteria such as Salmonella grow stronger and more virulent in the microgravity environment of space. At the same time, the human immune system is weaker in space, leading to increased health risks. The objective of the Probiotics investigation is to study the impact of continuous consumption of probiotics on immune function and intestinal microbiota in astronauts under closed microgravity environment This investigation studies the effects of beneficial bacteria (Probiotics) to improve crew members' intestinal microbiota as well as their immune function on long-duration space missions.
[свернуть]
TangoLab-2 Card Cube Placement:
Спойлер
The crew removed two CubeLabs from a polar that arrived on Orbital 8 (OA-8 ) and placed the cards in slots 5 and 7 of the TangoLab-2. TangoLab provides a standardized platform and open architecture for experimental modules called CubeLabs. CubeLab modules may be developed for use in 3-dimensional tissue and cell cultures.
[свернуть]
Microgravity Experiment Research Locker / INcubator (MERLIN) Sample Transfer:
Спойлер
The crew transferred science samples from the powered MERLIN in OA-8 to the STaARS-1 Experiment Facility on the ISS. The objective of the Space Technology and Advanced Research Systems, Inc.-1 Experiment Facility (STaARS-1 EF) is to support biotechnology and life science investigations to characterize the effects of microgravity on living systems. The STaARS-1 EF aims to facilitate advanced studies targeting the molecular responses to microgravity that alter cell physiology and lead to unique cellular processes and the production of novel compounds that can impact pharmaceutical, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, biofuel, and discovery sciences.
[свернуть]
Robotics Operations:
Спойлер
Overnight, ground controllers ungrappled the Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) from the Cygnus module and maneuvered it to pick up the Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (SPDM). Today, the SSRMS/SPDM system will be used to move the UTA from ESP2 to ELC-1, and moved the LEE from its place on ELC-1 to ESP2.
[свернуть]
Cygnus Status:
Спойлер
Following yesterday's successful berthing and crew ingress, today the crew began cargo transfer operations:
[свернуть]
On-Board Training (OBT) Cygnus:
Спойлер
With the arrival and ingress of OA-8 yesterday, the crew performed an emergency procedures review. All crew members participated in this mandatory OBT.
[свернуть]

zandr

https://iz.ru/668081/anastasiia-sinitckaia/mks-podvela-nauku
ЦитироватьМКС подвела науку  
Анастасия Синицкая
Российские участники экипажа Международной космической станции (МКС) посвящают научным исследованиям почти в три раза меньше времени, чем их советские предшественники на орбитальных модулях «Салют». Такой вывод содержится в исследовании российского Центра подготовки космонавтов. Научная работа подготовлена в рамках определения концепции станции, которая может прийти на смену МКС после 2024 года. По данным исследования, затраты на создание и длительность развертывания многомодульных станций делают более целесообразным использование одномодульных. Ранее в «Роскосмосе» заявляли, что МКС может заменить одномодульная посещаемая станция.
По мнению экспертов, низкая научная эффективность МКС вызвана несогласованностью действий «Роскосмоса» и исследовательских организаций, которые не могут сформулировать актуальную программу экспериментов.
Согласно исследованию главного научного сотрудника Центра подготовки космонавтов (ЦПК) Владимира Ярополова (копия документа имеется у «Известий»), российский экипаж МКС затрачивает на научные эксперименты всего 8,22% общей длительности полета. Такой вывод сделан на основе анализа отчетов о миссиях 2003–2015 годов.[/U]
Для сравнения, на советских станциях «Салют-5» космонавты тратили на науку в среднем 18,3% времени, на «Салют-6» — 22,2%, на «Салют-7» — 18%. На станции «Мир» произошло двукратное падение эффективности — до 10,7%. По мнению автора исследования, это связано с длительным сроком ее строительства (10 лет), а затем тратой времени на ремонт и техобслуживание постоянно ломающегося оборудования.
Спойлер

«Станция много лет будет развертываться, и экипаж в основном будет тратить время на «строительство», а не на эксперименты и исследования. А когда завершится развертывание станции, начнется цикл старения ее оборудования, сопровождающийся нарастающим валом отказов и неисправностей, требующих больших затрат времени на ремонт», — пишет Владимир Ярополов.
Таким образом, по данным исследования, эффективность одномодульных советских станций для проведения экспериментов была примерно в два раза выше, чем у многомодульного орбитального комплекса «Мир» и почти в три раза выше, чем у многомодульной МКС.
По мнению научного сотрудника ЦПК, строительство околоземных станций в одномодульном варианте позволит сократить их стоимость и сроки разработки. Такие комплексы практически сразу после выведения на орбиту будут готовы к эксплуатации, в первую очередь для исследований.
В госкорпорации «Роскосмос» рассказали «Известиям», что нельзя «в лоб» сравнивать научную эффективность станций серии «Салют» и МКС.
— Необходимо учитывать и анализировать общее количество времени, затрачиваемое на выполнение научной программы на борту МКС, — рассказали в пресс-службе госкорпорации. — На российском сегменте МКС этот показатель значительно выше, чем на «Салютах», а долгосрочная программа экспериментов на российском сегменте МКС (почти 300 экспериментов) вообще несравнима с той работой, которая велась на станциях «Салют». Для станции «Салют-6», например, были характерны целевые полеты для выполнения конкретных научных работ. А реализация программы научных экспериментов на МКС имеет пролонгированный характер, соответственно, предусматривает постоянное нахождение экипажа на борту станции.
Исполнительный директор «Роскосмоса» Сергей Крикалев ранее рассказал «Известиям», что после завершения эксплуатации МКС рассматривается возможность создания на орбите Земли одномодульной станции. Причем она может быть не с постоянным экипажем, а посещаемой.

Научный руководитель Института космической политики Иван Моисеев рассказал «Известиям», что о низкой эффективности российских научных программ на МКС говорят уже не первый год. По мнению Ивана Моисеева, госкорпорация «Роскосмос» и ученые не могут договориться о формате сотрудничества для проведения новых экспериментов на станции.
— В 2007–2008 годах было впервые озвучено, что нет связи между Российской академией наук, которая должна быть заказчиком экспериментов, и «Роскосмосом», который является исполнителем работ, — рассказал Иван Моисеев «Известиям». — С той поры дело стоит на месте. Помимо того, основная научная программа исчерпана. Автоматические космические аппараты намного эффективнее людей занимаются исследованиями Вселенной. Какие функции могут быть у людей на станции? Человек нужен только для медико-биологических исследований и ремонта оборудования. На этом и нужно сосредоточить задачи экипажа.
Как писали «Известия», с первой половины 2018 года «Роскосмос», готовится упростить доступ на МКС научным организациям и коммерческим структурам. Для этого потребуется изменить действующий ГОСТ по проведению экспериментов. Сегодня требования стандарта затрудняют участие в программе организаций не из ракетно-космической отрасли и не имеющих опыта проведения космических экспериментов.
Также «Известия» сообщали, что требования к режиму труда и отдыха отечественных космонавтов были частично пересмотрены. Для выполнения научных программ и техобслуживания российского сегмента МКС их просят работать в выходные дни. Сокращено время на адаптацию к условиям невесомости после прибытия на станцию, а также на подготовку к возвращению на Землю. На этот шаг «Роскосмосу» пришлось пойти после принятого в прошлом году решения сократить российский экипаж с трех до двух человек.
[свернуть]

tnt22

Цитировать Randy Bresnik‏Подлинная учетная запись @AstroKomrade 14 ч. назад

Rack swaps is also a popular sport aboard @Space_Station - One the whole crew can join in because sometimes there are some tight squeezes.
Спойлер

[свернуть]

tnt22

Дополнение к #15211 от Паоло Несполи

Цитировать Paolo Nespoli‏Подлинная учетная запись @astro_paolo 15 ч. назад

And here a closer look! Make a wish... I already did // E qui visto da più vicino! Esprimete un desiderio... Io l'ho già fatto #VITAmission

Video

tnt22

https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2017/11/16/iss-daily-summary-report-11162017/
ЦитироватьHQ
Posted on November 16, 2017

ISS Daily Summary Report – 11/16/2017

Marrow:
Спойлер
Upon wakeup, a 52S crewmember conducted breath and ambient air sample collections for the Marrow investigation, which looks at the effect of microgravity on bone marrow. It is believed that microgravity, like long-duration bed rest on Earth, has a negative effect on the bone marrow and the blood cells that are produced in the bone marrow.
[свернуть]
NanoRacks-DreamUp Xtronaut Microbe (DreamXM) Operations:
Спойлер
To initiate the NanoRacks DreamXM experiment, today a crewmember used cotton swabs to sample locations and inoculate several Petri Dishes to begin the DreamXM experiment. Photos were taken of each Petri Dish as a baseline data point. Kits containing nearly identical materials were provided to students to perform a duplicate ground experiment. NanoRacks(DreamXM) teaches students the different microbial growths from a home-school setting and those in microgravity using near-identical flight kits flown and operated in the International Space Station (ISS). With access to an online portal, students swab away, paralleling the procedures of crew members and comparing results with online videos and datasets. The investigation aims to promote science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) fields to the next generation of students.
[свернуть]
At Home in Space:
Спойлер
The crew took photographs to document ISS culture. This Canadian Space Agency investigation assesses culture, values, and psychosocial adaptation of astronauts to a space environment shared by multinational crews on long-duration missions. It is hypothesized that astronauts develop a shared space culture that is an adaptive strategy for handling cultural differences and they deal with the isolated confined environment of the spacecraft by creating a home in space. At Home in Space also uses questionnaires to investigate individual and culturally related differences, family functioning, values, coping with stress, and post-experience growth.
[свернуть]
Fluids Integrated Rack (FIR) Light Microscopy Module (LMM) Camera Data Cable Swap:
Спойлер
Today the crew exchanged data connections from the LMM Wide-field Camera to the LMM Confocal Camera and then relocated the connection of Fluids and Combustion Facility (FCF) Image Processor cable to troubleshoot the LMM wide-field camera data cable and connectors. The results of today's troubleshooting activities are currently being assessed by the ground teams to determine if the Wide-field data cable should be replaced. The Light Microscopy Module (LMM) is a modified commercial, highly flexible, state-of-the-art light imaging microscope facility that provides researchers with powerful diagnostic hardware and software onboard the International Space Station (ISS). The LMM Wide field camera will be used for every payload in the FIR.
[свернуть]
Earth Imagery from ISS Target Operations:
Спойлер
The crew captured images of Seattle and the Northwest Pacific, fishing boats in the Gulf of Thailand, and the Nile Delta at night. The Earth Imagery from ISS investigation creates a series of videos, showcasing Earth from space. These videos will be taken with cameras on the International Space Station in 6K hi-resolution, then integrated into videos for screensavers for public enjoyment, exploration, and engagement.
[свернуть]
Two Phase Flow Operations:
Спойлер
The crew conducted checkout activities for the Two Phase Flow experiment equipment. The Two Phase Flow investigation seeks to build a database on the heat transfer efficiency of liquids in space that can be used in the design of high-performance thermal management systems for future space platforms.
[свернуть]
Waste and Hygiene Compartment (WHC) Urine Hydraulic Components Remove & Replace (R&R):
Спойлер
The crew performed preventive maintenance to R&R the urine valve block, urine lines, urine pressure sensors and WHC flush water tank empty pressure sensor.
[свернуть]
Port Thermal Radiator Rotary Joint (TRRJ) Imagery:
Спойлер
The crew took imagery of the Port TRRJ from the Docking Compartment 1 (DC1) Window. During this task, the port radiator was rotated to specific angles in order to photograph specific sections of the radiator.
[свернуть]
Space Station Computer (SSC) Server Deploy:
Спойлер
Today the crew deployed and configured a ZBook Laptop to be used as a Server to replace the T61p Linux Server 1 (LS1) Laptop.
[свернуть]
ISS Server1 Rebuild:
Спойлер
Tonight during crew sleep, ground controllers will deploy a new build of the ISS Server1 Virtual Machine (VM). In recent weeks, ISS Server1 has experienced numerous spontaneous lockups, causing disruptions to operations onboard. The new build of Server1 has some modifications to it which are hoped to resolve the lockup issue.
[свернуть]
On Board Training (OBT) Cygnus Rendezvous Debrief:
Спойлер
Today the USOS crew participated in a debrief with ground teams to cover questions and comments related to Cygnus capture and berthing.
[свернуть]
Spare Latching End Effector (LEE)/Utility Transfer Assembly (UTA) Flight Releasable Attachment Mechanism (FRAM) Swap:
Спойлер
This morning, Robotics Ground Controllers maneuvered the Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) and Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (SPDM) to remove the UTA from External Stowage Platform (ESP)-2 and translated the Mobile Transporter (MT) from Work Site (WS)-4 to WS-7. They then removed the LEE and installed the UTA on ELC-1. Today, the MT was translated back to WS-4 from WS-7. Later this evening, the LEE will be installed on ESP-2. These activities are in preparation for EVAs planned next January.
[свернуть]

tnt22

ЦитироватьSpace to Ground: Stuffed with Science: 11/17/2017

NASA Johnson

Опубликовано: 17 нояб. 2017 г.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=llhiLkx1-M8https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=llhiLkx1-M8 (2:30)

tnt22

https://www.roscosmos.ru/24347/
ЦитироватьПАМЯТНАЯ ДАТА. 1998 ГОД - ЗАПУСК ПЕРВОГО МОДУЛЯ МКС НА ОРБИТУ
20 ноября 2017
Памятная дата

20 ноября 1998 года началось строительство Международной космической станции (МКС). С космодрома БАЙКОНУР был осуществлен успешный запуск РН «Протон» с первым модулем МКС - функциональным грузовым блоком (ФГБ) «Заря».

Сегодня МКС представляет собой крупнейший международный проект, пилотируемая орбитальная станция, используемая как многоцелевой космический исследовательский комплекс. В этом глобальном проект участвуют космические агентства РОСКОСМОС, NASA (США), JAXA (Япония), CSA (Канада), ESA (страны Европы).

tnt22

Цитировать NanoRacks‏Подлинная учетная запись @NanoRacks 7 мин. назад

Starting this week with some #CubeSat deployments! #EcAMSat was successfully deployed from @Space_Station at 08:05:00 GMT #ISS #NRCSD

tnt22

Цитировать NanoRacks‏Подлинная учетная запись @NanoRacks 1 ч назад

Second #CubeSat deployment this morning complete - #ASTERIA was deployed from our #NRCSD at 12:25:01 GMT from #ISS

tnt22

https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2017/11/17/iss-daily-summary-report-11172017/
ЦитироватьHQ
Posted on November 17, 2017

ISS Daily Summary Report – 11/17/2017

NanoRack Cubesat Deployer (NRCSD) #13: Installation:
Спойлер
This morning, the JEM A/L inner hatch was opened and the slide table was extended to the JPM side. The crew then installed the NRCSD #13 deployer onto the Multipurpose Experiment Platform (MPEP). The slide table was retracted fr om the JPM side and the inner hatch was closed. The Airlock was then depressurized in preparation for the planned deployment of the CubeSats next week.
[свернуть]
Sarcolab-3:
Спойлер
Today the crew set up and configured the Muscle Atrophy Research & Exercise System (MARES) facility in the Columbus module for Sarcolab-3 operations next week. They installed the Ankle configuration and Electromyograph and Percutaneous Electrical Stimulation (PEMS) devices on MARES. The data collected for Sarcolab-3 will be compared to pre and post flight measurements to assess the impact of hypothesized microgravity induced muscle loss. Myotendinous and Neuromuscular Adaptation to Long-term Spaceflight (Sarcolab) investigates the adaptation and deterioration of the soleus, or calf muscle, wh ere it joins the Achilles tendon, which links it to the heel and carries loads from the entire body. Muscle fiber samples are taken from crewmembers before and after flight, and analyzed for changes in structural and chemical properties. MRI and ultrasound tests and electrode stimulation are conducted to help assess muscle and tendon changes caused by microgravity exposure.
[свернуть]
Human Research Program (HRP) Collections (Biochemical Profile, Marrow, and Repository):
Спойлер
A 51S crewmember completed Flight Day (FD) 60 blood sample collections to support the Biochemical Profile and Repository experiments. The samples were placed in the Minus Eighty Degree Celsius Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI).
    [/li]
  • The Biochemical Profile experiment tests blood and urine samples obtained from astronauts before, during, and after spaceflight. Specific proteins and chemicals in the samples are used as biomarkers, or indicators of health. Post-flight analysis yields a database of samples and test results, which scientists can use to study the effects of spaceflight on the body.
  • Repository is a storage bank used to maintain biological specimens over extended periods of time and under well-controlled conditions. This repository supports scientific discovery that contributes to our fundamental knowledge in the area of human physiological changes and adaptation to a microgravity environment and provides unique opportunities to study longitudinal changes in human physiology spanning many missions.
  • Marrow looks at the effect of microgravity on bone marrow. It is believed that microgravity, like long-duration bed rest on Earth, has a negative effect on the bone marrow and the blood cells that are produced in the bone marrow.
[свернуть]
Earth Imagery from ISS Target Operations:
Спойлер
The crew captured video footage of the Indian-Himalayas-Tibetan Plateau, Seattle, and the Northwest Pacific. The Earth Imagery from ISS investigation creates a series of videos, showcasing Earth from space. These videos will be taken with cameras on the International Space Station in 6K hi-resolution, then integrated into videos for screensavers for public enjoyment, exploration, and engagement.
[свернуть]
Story Time from Space:
Спойлер
A crewmember participated in the Story Time from Space project by reading "Notable Notebooks Scientists and Their Writing" today while being videotaped.  The recording will be downlinked and used for educational purposes. Story Time rom Space combines science literacy outreach with simple demonstrations recorded aboard the ISS. Crewmembers read science, technology, engineering and mathematics-related children's books on orbit, and complete simple science concept experiments. Video and data collected during the demonstrations are downlinked to the ground and posted in a video library with accompanying educational materials.
[свернуть]
Space Headaches:
Спойлер
The crew completed the weekly questionnaire for the ESA Space Headaches investigation. The Space Headaches investigation collects information that may help in the development of methods to alleviate associated symptoms and improvement in the well-being and performance of crewmembers in space. Headaches during space flight can negatively affect mental and physical capacities of crewmembers that can influence performance during a space mission.
[свернуть]
Spare Latching End Effector (LEE)/Utility Transfer Assembly (UTA) Flight Releasable Attachment Mechanism (FRAM) Swap:
Спойлер
Overnight, the MT translated back to WS-7 from WS-4 and the spare LEE was installed on ESP-2. These activities are in preparation for EVAs planned next January, and have positioned the spare LEE in a more EVA-accessible location for the LEE R&R.
[свернуть]
Pressure Probe Troubleshooting:
Спойлер
Today, the crew performed troubleshooting on the Internal Sampling Adapter Scopemeter Pressure Probe and multimeter. This hardware exhibited issues earlier this week while performing JEM ITCS maintenance.
[свернуть]
ISS Server1 Rebuild:
Спойлер
Thursday evening during crew sleep, ground controllers deployed a new build of the ISS Server1 Virtual Machine (VM). In recent weeks, ISS Server1 has experienced numerous spontaneous lockups, causing disruptions to operations onboard. The new build of Server1 has some modifications to it which are hoped to resolve the lockup issue.
[свернуть]

tnt22

Цитировать ASTERIA‏ @ASTERIA_CubeSat 35 мин. назад

I'm freeee! Thanks @NanoRacks and @Space_Station for a successful deployment.

tnt22

Цитировать NanoRacks‏Подлинная учетная запись @NanoRacks 6 мин. назад

That's a wrap for today! We have our third deployment today complete - @NASAGoddard's #Deillingr is now in low-Earth orbit, deployed via the #NRCSD on @Space_Station at 17:02:02 GMT.

tnt22

https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2017/11/20/beam-prepped-for-cargo-cubesats-deployed-and-leg-muscles-scanned/
ЦитироватьMark Garcia
Posted on November 20, 2017

BEAM Prepped for Cargo, CubeSats Deployed and Leg Muscles Scanned


A deployer mechanism attached to the outside of the Kibo lab module ejects a CubeSat into Earth orbit.

An experimental module attached to the International Space Station is being prepared for upcoming cargo operations. Tiny research satellites were also ejected from the orbital lab while a pair of Expedition 53 crew members scanned their leg muscles today.
Спойлер
BEAM, officially called the Bigelow Expandable Activity Module, is being outfitted this week for future stowage operations. Excess gear, including inflation tanks and dynamic sensors, used during its initial expansion back in May of 2016 is being removed to make room for new cargo. BEAM's old gear and trash will now be stowed in the Cygnus resupply craft for disposal early next month.

The Kibo lab module from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency was the site for the deployment of several CubeSats Monday morning. A mechanism attached to the outside of Kibo ejected the CubeSats that will orbit Earth and provide insights into antibiotic resistance, astrophysics and "space weather." More CubeSats will be deployed Tuesday.

Flight Engineers Paolo Nespoli and Sergey Ryazanskiy spent Monday exploring how the lack of gravity affects leg muscles. Nespoli strapped himself into a specialized exercise chair and attached electrodes to his leg with assistance from Ryazanskiy. The Sarcolab-3 experiment uses measurements from an ultrasound device and magnetic resonance imaging to observe impacts to the muscles and tendons of a crew member.
[свернуть]

tnt22


tnt22

https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacex/2017/11/20/spacex-crs-13-launch-targeted-no-earlier-than-dec-4/
ЦитироватьAnna Heiney
Posted on November 20, 2017

SpaceX CRS-13 Launch Targeted No Earlier Than Dec. 4

NASA commercial cargo provider SpaceX is targeting its 13th commercial resupply services mission to the International Space Station for no earlier than 2:53 p.m. EST Monday, Dec. 4. The Dragon spacecraft will spend about a month attached to the space station.

tnt22

НОРАД зарегистрировал все малые КА, запущенные с борта МКС 2017-11-20 - пока TBA

Старый

Цитироватьtnt22 пишет:
Hooray!
Это они научились у нас кричать "Ура!"?
1. Ангара - единственная в мире новая РН которая хуже старой (с) Старый Ламер
2. Назначение Роскосмоса - не летать в космос а выкачивать из бюджета деньги
3. У Маска ракета длиннее и толще чем у Роскосмоса
4. Чем мрачнее реальность тем ярче бред (с) Старый Ламер

tnt22

ЦитироватьAstronauts Discuss Life in Space with Tennessee Students

NASA

Опубликовано: 20 нояб. 2017 г.

Aboard the International Space Station, Expedition 53 Commander Randy Bresnik and Flight Engineer Mark Vande Hei of NASA discussed life and research on the orbital laboratory during an in-flight educational event Nov. 20 with students at the Southside Elementary School in Lebanon, Tennessee.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zjW2pfltx5Uhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zjW2pfltx5U (20:43)

tnt22

Цитировать NanoRacks‏Подлинная учетная запись @NanoRacks 5 мин. назад

Another one out the door. The #TechEdSat6 #CubeSat was deployed from the #NRCSD 08:25:00 GMT. Happy orbiting! #ISS

tnt22

https://www.iss-casis.org/press-releases/13th-spacex-commercial-resupply-mission-packed-with-space-station-research/
Цитировать13th SpaceX Commercial Resupply Mission Will Be Packed with Space Station Research
November 20, 2017

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FL. (November 20, 2017) – The SpaceX Falcon 9 vehicle is slated to launch its 13th cargo resupply mission (CRS-13) to the International Space Station no earlier than December from historic Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft will carry more than a dozen International Space Station U.S. National Laboratory payloads to conduct research across a variety of areas aimed at improving life on Earth. From plant biology, to technology demonstrations aimed at enhancing bone growth, and more efficient treatments for the diabetic community, this launch will bring new innovative concepts through microgravity research. This launch will culminate a robust year of research on the U.S. National Lab, as more experiments than ever before have reached the orbiting laboratory.

Below are highlights of sponsored U.S. National Lab investigations that are part of the SpaceX CRS-13 mission:

Assessing Osteoblast Response to Tetranite
Спойлер
Nikolaos Tapinos, Launchpad Medical (Boston, MA)

The goal of this investigation is to explore the ability of Tetranite™, a synthetic bone material capable of adhering bone to metal within minutes to accelerate bone repair. It is well known that microgravity affects bone cell growth and healing, mimicking the symptoms observed in osteoporosis. The investigators seek to evaluate the response of osteoblasts (a bone cell subtype responsible for renewing bones) to Tetranite™. Understanding bone cell-Tetranite™ interactions could provide insight into the post-fracture bone healing response and assist in the development of more effective treatments for patients with osteoporosis. In addition, this cell culture project should provide the basis for follow-on studies of the bone healing response in small rodents.

Hardware Partner: BioServe Space Technologies
[свернуть]
Barley Germination and Malting in Microgravity
Спойлер
Dr. Gary Hanning, Budweiser (Ft. Collins, CO)

This project will explore the effects of spaceflight on the germination of strains of an important food crop, barley (Hordeum vulgare), including proprietary strains under development. Observing changes in gene expression and germination after exposure to microgravity contributes to knowledge about how different cultivars (plants of the same species that possess genetic differences) that are better prepared to handle Earth-based stress, such as temperature extremes or water scarcity. An important ingredient for Budweiser, barley is also the 4th largest cereal grain grown in the world and is grown in diverse environments. Studying barley in microgravity may reveal new information regarding the germination process and identify key genes that enable some cultivars to survive in stressful environments.

Hardware Partner: Space Tango
[свернуть]
Characterizing Arabidopsis Root Attractions-2
Спойлер
Dr. Anna-Lisa Paul, University of Florida (Gainesville, FL)

An extension to the CARA project to cover: 1) additional molecular analyses of the CARA samples, analyses that can significantly contribute to GeneLab and have been made possible by new advances in RNA isolation from small sample amounts, and 2) additional ISS imaging of plates (with no sample return) to extend data from the unique LMM imaging capabilities that were revealed by the initial CARA imaging.

Hardware Partner: Zin Technologies, CASIS
[свернуть]
Implantable Glucose Biosensers
Спойлер
Michail Kastelloizios, Biorasis (Storrs, CT)

This project seeks to improve the accuracy of a wireless, medically implantable continuous glucose biosensor (Glucowizzard™) for day-to-day diabetes management. Slow glucose transport within human tissue (through the capillary walls and surrounding tissue toward the sensing site of the biosensor) can create delays of up to 20 minutes in real-time monitoring of glucose levels. This delay can be detrimental in achieving tight glycemic control, which has been linked to serious secondary complications in patients with diabetes. The International Space Station provides a microgravity environment in which reduced fluid movement allows precise monitoring of the role of diffusion in glucose transport, thus improving the mathematical models that determine the accuracy of the Glucowizzard continuous glucose monitoring biosensor. The World Health Organization projects that the global diabetic population will reach 366 million by 2030. In order to prevent serious health problems, many people with diabetes currently use glucose biosensors that may inaccurately measure their glucose levels prior to self-administering insulin. Biorasis is addressing this critical need by studying fluid movement onboard the International Space Station in order to optimize the Glucowizzard™ continuous glucose monitoring biosensor.

Hardware Partner: Space Tango
[свернуть]
Implantable Nanochannel System for Delivery of Therapeutics for Muscle Atrophy (Rodent Research-6)
Спойлер
Dr. Alessandro Grattoni, Houston Methodist Research Institute (Houston, TX)

An implantable drug delivery system that circumvents the need for daily injections will be tested in a rodent model with microgravity-induced muscle atrophy. Specifically, the drug formoterol, used in the management of asthma and other medical conditions, will be administered by controlled release from a nanochannel implant to achieve a constant and reliable dosage. If successful, this system could serve as a more reliable and accurate technology for drug delivery. In collaboration with Novartis and NanoMedical Systems, this validated system may rapidly translate into a commercial product. Sarcopenia, or muscle wasting, is a condition that affects more than 50% of the geriatric population, however therapeutics used to treat this condition are limited to physical activity or generic hormones. The most commonly used pharmaceutical intervention for sarcopenia is formoterol, but administrating these drugs requires a daily injection, which can be inconvenient. This collaboration between The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Novartis, and NanoMedical Systems plans to develop an implantable device that will safely administer formoterol over a long period of time, without patients needing a daily injection, improving quality of life.

Hardware Partner: BioServe Space Technologies
[свернуть]
Optical Fiber Production in Microgravity
Спойлер
Michael Snyder, Made In Space (Mountain View, CA)

High-performance optical fiber is used extensively for the manufacture of efficient and compact ultraviolet, visible, and infrared fiber lasers due to its low intrinsic loss, wide transparency window, and small phonon energy. This technology enables advances in many different sectors, including medical devices such as laser scalpels and endoscopes, sensors for the aerospace and defense industry, and telecommunications applications. The optical fiber ZBLAN has the potential to far exceed the performance of other fibers in common use. Despite this, the terrestrially produced fiber suffers from physical impurities which contribute to light scattering and absorption loss, reducing performance. Microgravity has been shown to significantly reduce these imperfections, and production of fibers in space may enable not only improved materials but also new frontiers for manufacturing in space.

Hardware Partner: Made In Space
[свернуть]
SPHERES Tether Slosh
Спойлер
Dr. Hans-Juergen Zachrau, AIRBUS DS Space Systems (Webster, TX)

This project will use existing SPHERES hardware to examine the active steering of a passive liquid-containing body in space. The Tether–Slosh experiment combines features of both the Tether–Demo and SPHERES–Slosh experiment into a single investigation utilizing hardware available on‐board International Space Station to conduct the experiment. By placing an acceleration sensor from Airbus DS into the Slosh tank and using an already certified WISENET sensor package, this experiment makes extensive use of resources already on International Space Station to generate data that will inform models for the automated steering of passive objects including disabled satellites. The small satellite market is projected to be valued at $5.32 billion by 2021; software that remotely enables the re-positioning of passive objects in LEO has the potential to expand small satellite use and accelerate satellite market development.

Hardware Partner: AIRBUS DS Space Systems
[свернуть]
Zaiput Flow Technologies – Galactic Grant
Спойлер
Andrea Adamo, Zaiput Flow Technologies (Boston, MA)

This experiment will explore the effects of microgravity on a device for the continuous separation of immiscible liquids as part of continuous flow chemistry approaches. Continuous flow chemistry, the process of performing chemical reactions in a tube or pipe, has many advantages over batch chemistry for some applications, including faster reaction times, separation of reactants from products, quick reaction optimization, easy scale-up, and the integration of typically separate processes. While common separation methods rely on liquid sedimentation, this system has the unique characteristic of relying on surface forces to accomplish liquid-liquid extraction. To serve the needs of chemical production, the device needs to be scaled-up, which requires understanding the effect that gravity and length scales have on the flow path as it relates to separation efficiency.

Hardware Partner: Space Tango
[свернуть]
"This launch culminates an impressive year of research onboard the International Space Station and the U.S. National Laboratory," said CASIS Director of Operations Ken Shields. "We thank our launch partners and NASA for the continued support as we look to many more fruitful years of International Space Station utilization and the mounting discoveries that will come from this incredible research facility."

To learn more about these investigations and other station research, visit www.spacestationresearch.com.