Dream Chaser - NASA коммерческий контракт с SpaceDev

[Братушка]

Только мне показалось,что левая стойка шасси заметно вибрировала,а по окончания пробега видно и задымление.

[DiZed]

задымление там от передней стойки-лыжи, это хорошо видно на последних кадрах, когда шасси в проекции не накладывается на нее

[tnt22]

Dream Chaser at Dawn

SNCspacesystems

Опубликовано: 15 нояб. 2017 г.

Lights... Camera... Action! Check out these beauty shots of our Dream Chaser® spacecraft at sunrise. She sure looks pretty out at Edwards Air Force Base.

(4:58 )

[tnt22]

Sierra Nevada Corp‏Подлинная учетная запись @SierraNevCorp 17 ч назад

Dream Chaser® spacecraft Free-Flight test by the numbers...

[triage]

Офтопик по самой теме.

Американцы любят приводить в пример кино 1969 года Marooned где аппарат XRV в отличии от часто упоминаемых аппаратов MF.. и HL... и X... имеет плоский низ корпуса

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У всех крылья жестко зафиксированные и думается что поворотные крылья это решение только советских конструкторов для Спирали.
Однако 1969 год. Фильм Великобритании Journey to the Far Side of the Sun

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Моделька

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[tnt22]

Chris B - NSF‏ @NASASpaceflight 12 мин. назад

FEATURE ARTICLE: Dream Chaser through critical landing test, prepares for orbital flights - https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2017/11/dream-chaser-test-prepares-orbital-flights/ ...

By Chris Gebhardt (@ChrisG_NSF)

Epic Uncrewed Dream Chaser Renders - including the lead render below - via NSF's Nathan Koga (@kogavfx)

Dream Chaser through critical landing test, prepares for orbital flights

November 24, 2017 by Chris Gebhardt

[triage]

Небольшой офтопик по теме.

По другим версиям видео салона Ле Бурже 1967 где представили lifting body оказывается те еще тролли были.
Читаешь и кажется там был один аппарат, так помимо того что показали аппарат который даже не начали испытывать в полете SV-5J (а испытывали SV-5P -> X-24A), так они еще и другой макет прихватили

Спойлер

https://history.nasa.gov/AAchronologies/1967.pdf
 
1967
 May 26-31: 27th Paris International Air and Space Show at Le Bourget Airport was opened ;by French President Charles de Gaulle, who toured the French, British, US., and U.S.S.R. exhibits. More than 450 aerospace companies representing 16 countries participated in the show. Exhibits in US. pavilion traced the progress of aviation during the 40 yrs since May 20-21, 1927, when Charles A. Lindbergh flew from New York to Paris, becoming the first man to fly the Atlantic non-stop alone. Included were: (1) a replica of Lindbergh's aircraft, "The Spirit of St. Louis"; (2) Douglas Aircraft Co.'s DC-8 Super 63, world's largest commercial jet aircraft; (3) SV-5J, first manned jet lifting body vehicle; (4) USAF F-111A swingwing jet fighter; and (5) models of NASA's Lunar Orbiter, Gemini, and Apollo spacecraft. Soviet exhibit featured first public display of Vostok booster, similar to the one used to launch Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin on world's first manned space flight April 12,1961.....(Long, NYT, 5/21/67, 88; UPI, NYT, 5/27/67, 50M; W Post, 5/27/67, D20; W Post, 5/30/67, Al)
  
June 19
NASA and USAF were expected to sign an agreement in fall 1967 for a joint lifting-body vehicle research program, Technology Week reported. NASA would probably have overall management responsibility of program, which would include test flights by USAF'S SV-5P and NASA's HL-10 lifting-body vehicles. (Tech Wk, 6/19/67,3)
  
July 11
 X-24A (formerly SV-5P) , Nation's newest manned lifting-body vehicle, was publicly displayed and officially turned over to USAF in ceremonies at Martin Marietta Corp.'s Baltimre plant. The 5,000-lb wingless vehicle, constructed by Martin Marietta Corp. under AFSC contract, would be air-launched from B-52 aircraft at AFFTC and would be driven by Thiokol rocket engines to higher altitudes and supersonic speeds before gliding to controlled landing. Flight tests would be conducted by five USAF and NASA pilots in late 1967 under joint NASA/USAF liftingbody program. (AFSC Release 59.67; Clark, NYT, 7/12/67, 1)

  

https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071754142/116
 
The Michigan Daily 26  May 1967
 
U.S. Unveils Revolutionary Space Craft at Paris Show
 
PARIS (AP)—The United States unveiled yesterday what officials termed a  revolutionary air and space research craft at a preview of the 27th Paris International Air and Space Show.
The first manned jet "lifting body"—a wingless tadpole-shaped vehicle is designed to fly and maneuver at high altitudes, and craft of its type may one day carry spacemen back to earth, landing in much the same fashion as a conventional plane.
This SV5J craft, and the F111, a supersonic swing-wing fighter-bomber which is being put into production for the Air Force, are two of the outstanding entries in the air show, which has attracted exhibits from 16 nations In the biggest Paris air salon on record.
  
Unveiling
The SV5J "lifting body" was unveiled by Stanley Cleveland, economic affairs minister at the American embassy. The ceremony took place in drenching rain, which turned a portion of the Le Bourget Airport show' area into ... sea of mud.
 The SV5J, a one-man craft, was parked a few yards away from a replica of Ihe Spirit of St. Louis, which Charles A. Lindbergh flew from New York to Paris 40 years ago this week. The SV5J is the smaller.
 Cleveland, pointing out that astronauts today must return to earth in capsules hung on giant parachutes, said the new "lifting body" vehicles may one day allow the astronauts to return from space trips with a ''conventional airplane-type landing at the airport of his choosing."
  
Maiden Flight
The SV5J, a jet-powered research vehicle, is to make its maiden flight this summer from Edwards Air Force Base, Calif.The wingless craft, with three tail surfaces, has a curving, teardrop-shaped body.
The SV5J on display is designed to take off and fly to an altitude of about 17.000 feet, and is the forerunner of the type of craft which may be used to ferry astronauts and supplies to orbiting space stations, on space rescue missions or for satellite main-tenance and repair.

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Хотя там на шоу что только в разработках не показывали и Конкорд в натуральную величину за 2,5 года до первого полета, и моделька Ту-144 тоже за 2,5 года до полета

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[Чебурашка]

А вообще не понимаю в чём его смысл в беспилотном варианте.
Какие он даёт новые возможности по сравнению с возвращаемым грузовым Драконом?

[triage]

Например т.к. Дракон плюхается в океан, то быстрый доступ к возвращенному грузу и меньше перегрузки.

[Oleg]

Чебурашка пишет:
А вообще не понимаю в чём его смысл в беспилотном варианте.
Какие он даёт новые возможности по сравнению с возвращаемым грузовым Драконом?

+быстрая многоразовость, в отличие от дракона, который нужно после морской воды весь перебрать.

[Чебурашка]

Oleg пишет:
+быстрая многоразовость, в отличие от дракона, который нужно после морской воды весь перебрать.

На самой дорогой модификации Атласа. С пятью ускорителями и  двухжопным  Центавром. Боюсь, ракета стоит в разы дороже чем сам аппарат.
Единственное преимущество -  возможность получить возвращаемый груз на пару часов раньше чем из Дракона. Но стоит ли это таких расходов?

[Василий Ратников]

Чебурашка пишет:
А вообще не понимаю в чём его смысл в беспилотном варианте.
Какие он даёт новые возможности по сравнению с возвращаемым грузовым Драконом?

красивый ))

а если серьезно то НАСА привержено с стратегии иметь несколько поставщиков что бы уменьшать риски.
так можно спросить зачем Цигнус когда был более дешевый Драгон.

пошли на тендер, как и в прошлом победили три компании.
потом одна Rocketplane Kistler сдохла, осталось две.
сейчас тоже три победило
подалось пять
Five companies were known to have submitted proposals to NASA: SpaceX, Orbital ATK, Boeing, Sierra Nevada, and Lockheed Martin.
трех отобрали
On January 14, 2016, NASA announced that three companies had been awarded contracts for a minimum of six launches each. SpaceX, Orbital ATK and Sierra Nevada Corporation won contracts

все имеют какую то пользу
Сиера деньги на доведение пилотируемого Чайзера, тесты систем в космосе
НАСА еще одного поставщика.

НАСА умная, знает что если оставить одного поставщика услуг, то он по законам психологии обнаглеет.

[Apollo13]

Чебурашка пишет:

Oleg пишет:
+быстрая многоразовость, в отличие от дракона, который нужно после морской воды весь перебрать.

На самой дорогой модификации Атласа. С пятью ускорителями и двухжопным Центавром. 

И еще немаленький одноразовый багажник.

[Чебурашка]

Василий Ратников пишет:
зачем Цигнус когда был более дешевый Драгон.

Две компании - на случай если одна облажается.
Но три - это уже перебор.

А что это за коробка сверху на рисунке?

[ken_park]

Apollo13 пишет:
И еще немаленький одноразовый багажник.

из "багажников" можно постоянно наращивать постояннонаращиваемый сегмент

[Apollo13]

ken_park пишет:

Apollo13 пишет:
И еще немаленький одноразовый багажник.

из "багажников" можно постоянно наращивать постояннонаращиваемый сегмент

Из Сигнусов тоже можно, но что-то не наращивают

[Искандер]

Apollo13 пишет:

Чебурашка пишет:

Oleg пишет:
+быстрая многоразовость, в отличие от дракона, который нужно после морской воды весь перебрать.

На самой дорогой модификации Атласа. С пятью ускорителями и двухжопным Центавром.

И еще немаленький одноразовый багажник.

Багажник - зло, я всегда говорил что DC слегка недоразмерен... Внутреннего объема не хватает под условия тендера и приходится лепить горбатого... на переделку уйдет гараздо больше времени.
То что Атлас в максимальной конфигурации не так страшно. Если что можно одноразовым F-9 вывести за куда более вменяемые деньги, а может Блок-5 и с возвратом ступени на баржу потянет... Но это перспективы.
Думаю NASA куда более важно "облетать" птичку. Потому как для НОО пассажирское такси в виде небольшого крылатика очень даже интересно.

[Apollo13]

Искандер пишет:
То что Атлас в максимальной конфигурации не так страшно. Если что можно одноразовым F-9 вывести за куда более вменяемые деньги, а может Блок-5 и с возвратом ступени на баржу потянет... Но это перспективы.

По слухам рассматривался запуск Дрим Чейзера на Фалконе Хэви, но он не влазит под существующий обтекатель. На вопрос об увеличенном обтекателе в SpaceX ответили "конечно, если вы за это заплатите". На этом все и закончилось.

[Василий Ратников]

Чебурашка пишет:
Две компании - на случай если одна облажается.
Но три - это уже перебор.

ничем не могу помочь ) пишите письма в НАСА
они выбрали три подрядчика

я с НАСА солидарен, чем платить боингу за устаревший СЛС из 6х годов, пусть расцветают тысячи цветов
ну и красивый же Чайзер, не железная банка, а пацано-мобиль
после грузовой версии, родят пилотируемую, будет круто.

[triage]

Исторические изыски HL-20 и Бор-4

Кажется нашелся первоисточник слов HL-20 основан на советском Бор-4. 

Найдено в примечании большого толмуда в редакции 1998 года p.98-xxi

 https://media.defense.gov/2010/Sep/27/2001329740/-1/-1/0/AFD-100927-033.pdf
THE HYPERSONIC REVOLUTION
Case Studies in the History of Hypersonic Technology
Volume I
From Max Valier to Project PRIME
(1924-1967)
Edited by
Dr. Richard P. Hallion
...
Air Force History and Museums Program Bolling AFB, DC 20332-1111
1998
....
4 The X-38 has had an interesting history. In late 1986, the Langley Research Center's Vehicle Analysis Branch, inspired by the Soviet Union's BOR-4 hypersonic lifting body tested in the early 1980's, "reverse engineered" its configuration and proposed this "Americanized" derivative, the HL-20, as a crew rescue vehicle for future space station operations. Though Langley fabricated a mockup, NASA opted instead to adopt a Johnson Space Center suggestion to use the X-24A body shape; the resulting test vehicle received the X-38 designation.
.....
For the HL-20 side of the story, see James R. Asker, "NASA Design for Manned Spacecraft Draws on Soviet Subscalc Spaceplane," Aviation Week and Space Technology (24 Sep. 1990), p. 28; and Robert A. Rivers, E. Bruce Jackson, and W. A. Ragsdale, "Piloted Simulator Studies of the HL-20 Lifting Body," Society of Experimental Test Pilots, 1991 Report to the Aerospace Profession: Thirty-fifth Symposium Proceedings (Lancaster, CA: SETP, 1991), pp. 44-59.
...

Первый первоисточник нашелся, второй только в библиотечном фонде, на сайте НАСА pdf файл от 1991 года отсутвует, хотя есть похожая публикация от 1994 года

Возможной самый первый первоисточник

 http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/19900924#!&pid=28
AVIATION WEEK & SPACE TECHNOLOGY
SEPTEMBER 24, 1990, p.28
NASA Design for Manned Spacecraft
Draws on Soviet Subscale Spaceplane
James R. Asker / Washington
NASA is designing a small, winged spacecraft that could ferry 10 astronauts at a time to and from the space station and allow the space shuttle to be reserved for carrying large payloads.
  A mock-up of the proposed "space taxi," called the HL-20 Personnel Launch System, closely resembles a Soviet subscale spaceplane flown on four orbital missions in the 1980s.
  "Their work stimulated our interest." NASA's William M. Piland told Aviation Week a Space Technology. "We had a very keen interest in that configuration."
  However, Piland, chief of the space systems division at the Langley Research Center, was quick to point out the Soviet test vehicle seems to have evolved from U. S. lifting-body configurations flown from 1966 to 1975—such as Northrop's HL-10, M2-F2 and M2-F3 and Martin's X-24A and X-24B.
  This month, a full-scale engineering model of the HL-20 was unveiled. The mock-up. which is 29.5 ft. long and has a wingspan of 23.5 ft., was built by North Carolina State University and North Carolina Agricultural & Technical University. Along with a cradle to tilt the model vertically, it will be used for tests at Langley and the Johnson Space Center. The Houston center also is studying a capsule concept for carrying people. 
...
  Whether the HL-20 proceeds toward development, though, will depend on an assessment of national space requirements, Piland said. He estimates $3 million has been spent so far on the effort, which he says began in earnest 6-7 years ago and has involved extensive wind tunnel and computational fluid dynamics work over the past three years.
  Engineers at Langley, who had set aside work on lifting bodies to concentrate on development of the space shuttle, renewed their interest when they made computer models of the subscale test vehicle the Soviets flew in space.
  "It's a good machine," Piland said of the Soviet mini-spaceplane.
  After years of U.S. gloating about the Soviet Buran spacecraft's striking similarities to NASA's space shuttle orbiter, now the HL-20 design appears to offer the Soviets a chance to turn the tables. 
  Flown in far different times politically, the small spaceplane tested from 1982 to 1984 as Cosmos 1374. 1445. 1517 and 1614 was the subject of much speculation in the West. The Soviets remained closed-mouthed about the project for years even as Royal Australian Air Force photographs of the craft being recovered at sea were published widely.
  More recently, the Soviets have said the spacecraft, called the BOR-4, carried out tests for the Buran program. NASA officials visiting about a month ago were allowed to examine the vehicle and photograph it extensively. Piland said.

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Как то тяжело сказать по началу статьи что HL-20 полностью основан на Бор-4

Позднее этот автор для HL-20 не указывает родителей
 http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/19910318/#!&pid=154
 http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/19930315/#!&pid=82
 http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/19910617/#!&pid=198

Через 9-10 месяцев в том же издании, другой автор статьи, но упоминается тот же  William M. Piland,только непонятно чьи слова, говорится по другому (ссылка найдена в статье где утверждается что HL-20 на основе советского Бора-4
http://www.bis-space.com/belgium/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/bor-44.pdf (занятно после американских книг как автор приводит даты статей - ДД.МММ.ГГГГ))

Уже ссылается на Martin X-24A, а не на всех скопом

 http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/19910715#!&pid=52
Aviation Week and Space Technology

July 15 1991, pp. 52-53

Langley Refines Design, Begins Human Factors Tests of Personnel Launch System

Edward H. Phillips / Hampton. Va.

   Langley Research Center has refined the aerodynamic performance of its HL-20 Personnel Launch System design to improve handling qualities and cross-range capability, and has begun human factors studies using a full-scale model of the vehicle. "We believe the HL-20 is approaching an optimum design" both acrodynamically and structurally, William M. Piland, chief of the Space System Div. at Langley, said. Researchers have concentrated on improving the spacecraft's flight characteristics and handling during the past two years in an effort to boost lift/drag (L/D) ratio.
....
  Langley considers the HL-20 as "a viable candidate" for NASA's Assured Crew Return Vehicle (ACRV) concept.
  "The lifting body can be integrated into the ACRV role without affecting weight or cost of the vehicle," Piland told Aviation Week & Space Technology.
  In the ACRV role, the HL-20's moderate L/D ratio and hypersonic glide performance would permit a relatively high cross-range capability of 1,100 naut. mi., providing up to six landing opportunities on consecutive orbits at Kennedy Space Center and four to five opportunities at Edwards AFB, Calif., per day. Other landing sites worldwide are accessible during orbital waiting times to land at Kennedy and Edwards, according to Piland.
  The HL-20's baseline design has evolved from manned lifting bodies flown for the Defense Dept, during the 1960s and owes much of its overall layout to the Martin X-24A. Less than 25% as large as the current space shuttle orbitcrs, the HL-20 would weigh about 24,000 lb. with a length of 29.5 ft. and a body span of only 23.5 ft.
.....

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При регистрации на сайте можно почитать подшивки журналов

Издание 1991 года - and Robert A. Rivers, E. Bruce Jackson, and W. A. Ragsdale, "Piloted Simulator Studies of the HL-20 Lifting Body," Society of Experimental Test Pilots, 1991 Report to the Aerospace Profession: Thirty-fifth Symposium Proceedings (Lancaster, CA: SETP, 1991), pp. 44-59 в читаемом виде не было найдено.

Было найдено от 1994 года, там автор описывающий историю HL-10 сетует что СССР купили документы и построили Бор-4 учитывая их наработки.

 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19940030197.pdf
NASA Reference Publication 1332
Developing and Flight Testing the HL-10 Lifting Body: A Precursor to the Space Shuttle 
Robert W. Kempel, Weneth D. Painter, and Milton 0. Thompson
April 1994
p 40-41
....
THE FUTURE AND LEGACY OF
LIFTING BODIES
Much of the wind-tunnel and flight test work we accomplished and published was unclassified. As a result, the Soviet Union took advantage of our work with their design and flight testing of the subscale BOR-4 vehicle in 1982.
The HL-10 currently stands proudly as a gate guardian at the entrance of NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, mounted on a pedestal with a bronze plaque (fig. 33).
....

В более поздней книге уже по группе Lifting Body 1997 года это вылилось в

 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19980169231.pdf
NASA SP-4220
Wingless Flight The Lifting Body Story
R. Dale Reed with Darlene Lister
Foreword by General Chuck Yeager
The NASA History Series
1997

...
Also, I would like to thank Robert Kempel and Wen Painter for their generous offer to allow me to use portions of their personal story of the HL-10 Lifting Body entitled Developing and Flight Testing the HL-10 Lifting Body: A Precursor to the Space Shuttle, a NASA Reference Publication published in April 1994, to be used in this book.
....

Lifting-Body Concept Goes International

The NASA lifting-body program has been well documented in about 100 technical reports on the program's 222 flights and 20,000 hours of wind-tunnel tests. Many of these publications are unclassified. The Soviet Union purchased copies of these reports from NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C., then designed its own lifting body. In 1982, the Soviets flight-tested an unpiloted, 10-foot-long, subscale version of their lifting body, the BOR-4, including a maneuvering re-entry over the Indian Ocean from space orbit. The flight test of the BOR-4 closely resembled that of our PRIME (X-23) vehicle in 1966. The main difference between the two was that the BOR-4 was parachuted into the Indian Ocean for ship recovery, while the PRIME had been snatched from the air by a C-130 to avoid a splash down in the Pacific Ocean. There is no information available yet on whether the successor states of the former Soviet Union continued their work in the 1980s into larger-scale lifting bodies.

Other than the Soviet flight experiments with the BOR-4, very little lifting-body design activity seems to have occurred in the 1980s. In the United States, the Shuttle satisfied all requirements for space flight. Even though the Soviets had built a copy of [181] our Shuttle, they flew it only once (unpiloted) and continued to rely on parachute recovery for their spacecraft.

В чуть более ранней по году издательства центра где испытывали

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19970004281.pdf
NASA SP-4309
Flights of Discovery: 50 Years at the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center
Wallace, Lance E.
The NASA History Series
1996
...
The lifting-body program came to an official end in 1975. Yet like a Phoenix rising from the ashes, the concept has appeared several times since then in proposed NASA spacecraft. When the Langley Research Center revealed its HL-20 design for an emergency crew return vehicle or small mini-Shuttle in 1990, the shape was remarkably similar to the HL- 10 and X-24A designs.
....