Galileo-FOC FM01(Doresa), FM02(Milena)– Союз-STБ/Фрегат-МТ(VS09)– Куру ELS – 22.08.2014 12:27 UTC

Автор Salo, 15.10.2012 14:05:20

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Salo

http://www.arianespace.com/news-press-release/2012/10-12-2012-vs03-launch.asp

ЦитироватьAbout Galileo

 Galileo is a European program designed to develop a new global satellite navigation system under civilian control, offering a high-precision, guaranteed positioning service. The design, development and in-orbit validation (IOV) phases of the Galileo program were carried out by ESA, with joint funding by ESA and the European Commission. The Full Operational Capacity (FOC) phase is managed and wholly financed by the European Commission. The Commission and ESA have signed a delegation agreement under the terms of which ESA acts as design and procurement agent on behalf of the Commission
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"


Salo

#2
Galileo FM1, ..., FM22


Galileo FM1 [OHB]

The Galileo satellite navigation system will consist of a total of 30 spacecraft in three planes in medium Earth orbit, which will each be occupied by nine satellites, and with three spares satellites distributed on the three orbital planes. At an altitude of 23,616 kilometers and an inclination of 56 degrees, the system will provide accurate positioning data to users as far north as 75 degrees longitude.

Although similar in design to the American GPS system and the Russian GLONASS navigation network, Galileo will be under the control of strictly civilian organizations. Galileo is the first joint program to be shared between the European Space Agency and the European Uni on.

In January 2010 the consortium consisting of OHB-System GmbH and SSTL was sel ected to built the first 14 satellites of the system. OHB-System will act as prime contrctor, build the busses while SSTL will provide the payloads. In January 2012, eight more satellites were ordered.

Nation:   Europe
Type / Application:   Navigation
Operator:   ESA
Contractors:   OHB-System GmbH (Bus, prime), SSTL (payload)
Equipment:   
Configuration:   
Propulsion:   
Power:   2 deployable solar arrays, batteries
Lifetime:   +12 years
Mass:   733 kg
Orbit:   23616 km

http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/galileo-1.htm
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

#3
Fri, 2 November, 2012

Software Threatens To Delay Galileo Deployment
 
By Peter B. de Selding

PARIS — Deployment of Europe's Galileo satellite navigation constellation is likely to be stalled until late next summer because of software issues on the new batch of satellites, according to officials involved with the program.
 These officials said the delays are mainly related to harmonizing the software on the new satellites, made by a team led by OHB AG of Germany, with that on board the four Galileo validation satellites already in orbit, which were built by a consortium led by Astrium and Thales Alenia Space.

http://www.spacenews.com/civil/121102-software-delay-galileo.html
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

#4
http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=30038.msg985986#msg985986
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Цитироватьbeidou пишет:

As cited in this article (http://www.insidegnss.com/node/3269) from InsideGNSS, this launch could be further delayed:
"likely to be stalled until late next summer because of software issues on the new batch of satellites."
Jester пишет:

EU mentioned June/July, although the possible shift is also difficult due to the very busy launch schedule at CSG
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

PIN

ЦитироватьSalo пишет:
s likely to be stalled until late next summer
:)

Salo

http://novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/forum/messages/forum14/topic9743/message1063288/#message1063288
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ЦитироватьРазъём пишет:
Уж очень ЕКА хочет четыре Союза в этом году. Ждем решений.
ZOOR пишет:
Ну, кроме первого Sentinelа и О3b у них есть куча Галилеев
SOE пишет:
ЕКА теоретически нужны 4 Союза (2 под Galileo FOC, Sentinel 1a, Gaia) в этом году. Мое личное (частное :) ) мнение - Арианэспас произведет максимум 2 пуска Союзов для ЕКА. И это будет Gaia и одна пара FOC.
Разъём пишет:
Ваше частное мнение близко к общественному: 1-й О3b уже под парами, 2-й О3b вскоре за ним, а там далее ЕКА кровь из носа хочет и FOC и Gaia.
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

http://www.spacenews.com/article/financial-report/35335with-first-galileo-satellite-finally-shipped-for-testing-ohb%E2%80%99s-2013#.UZSuu0rjvF0
ЦитироватьWith First Galileo Satellite Finally Shipped for Testing, OHB's 2013 Outlook Improves

By Peter B. de Selding | May. 15, 2013


OHB shipped the first of its Galileo navigation satellites to a European center for preflight testing, a milestone that could permit two OHB-built Galileo spacecraft to be ready for launch by September. Credit: OHB photo

PARIS — Satellite and rocket-hardware manufacturer OHB AG on May 15 said it had shipped the first of its Galileo navigation satellites to a European center for preflight testing, a milestone that could permit two OHB-built Galileo spacecraft to be ready for launch by September.

Bremen, Germany-based OHB, which has emerged as Europe's third satellite system prime contractor after Astrium and Thales Alenia Space, said it is on track to post double-digit revenue and profit increases this year despite a sharp drop in profitability in the first three months of the year.

In a conference call with investors, OHB Chief Financial Officer Kurt Melching said the company had factored in a poor first-quarter profitability when it told investors its revenue would increase by 11 percent this year, surpassing 700 million euros ($910 million), and that pretax profit would climb 16 percent, to more than 36 million euros.

For the three months ending March 31, OHB reported revenue of 143.6 million euros, up 14 percent from the same period a year ago. But profit before interest and taxes was down 26 percent, to 6.6 million euros.

"What happened in the first quarter is in line with our planning," Melching said. "We expect no difficulties in reaching our [forecast] for the year."

The company's backlog, at 1.56 billion euros on March 31, was up 25 percent from a year ago.

OHB Chief Executive Marco R. Fuchs said during the conference call that the first Galileo FOC — full operational capability — satellite was shipped May 15 to the European Space Agency (ESA) Estec technology center in Noordwijk, Netherlands.

The satellite will undergo multiple examinations at Estec, including thermal-vacuum testing, and results will be known by mid-July. If there are no issues discovered during testing, OHB will be ready to deliver to ESA the first two satellites in mid-August. The first satellite was completed at OHB nearly a year ago, but software issues slowed the delivery to ESA. Fuchs said the mere fact of finally shipping the satellite should be seen as a sign of the program's credibility in terms of proceeding to launch this fall. OHB and its partner, Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. of Britain, are under contract to ESA and the 27-nation European Union's executive commission to build 22 Galileo satellites.

ESA is managing the launch of the satellites. The first spacecraft will be placed two at a time into medium Earth orbit by a Europeanized version of Russia's medium-lift Soyuz rocket, now operating from Europe's Guiana Space Center in French Guiana, on South America's northeast coast.

Whether a second Galileo launch will occur this year depends not only on the first satellite's test results, but also on the Soyuz rocket's availability. The vehicle is in high demand this year, both for several ESA missions in addition to Galileo, and for commercial launches.

The biggest contract competition under way at OHB is for the German Defense Ministry's second-generation SAR-Lupe radar reconnaissance satellite network.

In a breakthrough contract in 2001 for what was then a much smaller company, OHB built the first five-satellite SAR-Lupe constellation, which was launched into polar low Earth orbit between 2006 and 2008. The constellation is scheduled to operate through 2017.

Fuchs said his best guess is that the second-generation SAR-Lupe contract will be awarded in the coming weeks, and almost certainly before July. As was the case in 2001, OHB will be competing against Astrium Satellites' German division.

OHB's Italian subsidiary, CGS SpA, is under contract to the Italian Space Agency to build a high-resolution optical observation satellite, called Opsis. Given the Italian budget difficulties, it is unclear whether the government will proceed to full Opsis development anytime soon.

But Fuchs said CGS has completed the intermediate design review for Opsis, and that the program is making "good progress."

Fuchs said the company's rapid expansion, which has included new facilities and aggressive hiring, will plateau late this year.
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

PIN

ЦитироватьSalo пишет:
Whether a second Galileo launch will occur this year depends not only on the
first satellite's test results, but also on the Soyuz rocket's availability.
:-)

Salo

#9
Октябрь.

ЗЫ: Скорее декабрь.
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Navigation/Highlights/New_breed
ЦитироватьNEW BREED

 These pictures give the first detailed views of the next batch of Galileo satellites, the first of which has already been delivered to ESA for rigorous testing in simulated space conditions.
 The first Galileo Full Operational Capability (FOC) satellite was delivered to ESA's ESTEC technical centre in Noordwijk, the Netherlands on 15 May.
 It is being prepared for testing in the ESTEC Test Centre, a unique facility for Europe with all the facilities needed to validate a satellite for launch under one roof.
 This initial FOC satellite is functionally identical to the first four Galileo In-Orbit Validation satellites already in orbit, the operational nucleus of the full Galileo constellation, but has been built by a separate industrial team.
 Like all the other 21 FOC satellites so far procured by ESA, the satellite's prime contractor is OHB in Bremen, Germany and the navigation payload was produced by Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd in Guildford, UK. The photos shown here were taken at OHB.
 The satellite is approximately the size and shape of an old-fashioned telephone booth, dominated by its circular L-band antenna that will continuously broadcast navigation messages down to Earth.
 The smaller, hexagonal antenna beside it will perform a no less vital task – picking up emergency messages from vessels in distress to relay to search and rescue authorities, contributing to the international Cospas–Sarsat system.
 A second Galileo FOC satellite is due to join its predecessor at ESTEC later this summer, preparing for a launch scheduled for later this year.


Galileo FOC
These pictures give the first detailed views of the next batch of Galileo satellites, the first of which has already been delivered to ESA for rigorous testing in simulated space conditions.
The first Galileo Full Operational Capability (FOC) satellite was delivered to ESA's ESTEC technical centre in Noordwijk, the Netherlands on 15 May.
It is being prepared for testing in the ESTEC Test Centre, a unique facility for Europe with all the facilities needed to validate a satellite for launch under one roof.
Credits: OHB


Galileo FOC main antenna
Galileo FOC is dominated by its circular L-band antenna that will continuously broadcast navigation messages down to Earth.
Credits: OHB


Galileo FOC search and rescue antenna
Galileo's smaller, hexagonal antenna beside its main navigation antenna is designed to pick up emergency messages from vessels in distress to relay to search and rescue authorities, contributing to the international Cospas–Sarsat system.
Credits: OHB
 

Galileo FOC satellite does same work as IOV predecessor
The 'business end' of the Galileo FOC satellite - L-band navigation antenna and the smaller search and rescue antenna on the same face. This initial FOC satellite is functionally identical to the first four Galileo In-Orbit Validation satellites already in orbit, the operational nucleus of the full Galileo constellation, but has been built by a separate industrial team. Like all the other 21 FOC satellites so far procured by ESA, the satellite's prime contractor is OHB in Bremen, Germany and the navigation payload was produced by Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd in Guildford, UK.
Credits: OHB
И попытка перевода:
http://www.projectaurora.ru/926-new-breed-of-satellites.html
ЦитироватьНовая порода спутников
25-06-2013, 16:25

Эти фотографии дают первый подробный вид на следующую партию Галилеем спутников, первый из которых уже доставлена ​​ЕКА за тщательное тестирование в моделируемых условиях космоса.                                          

первого Галилео полной оперативной готовности (ВОК) спутник был доставлен в ЕКА ESTEC технического центра в Гаага, Нидерланды 15 мая.

Ее готовят для тестирования в Центре испытаний ESTEC, уникальный объект для Европы со всеми средствами, необходимыми для проверки спутник для запуска под одной крышей.
Этот первоначальный

спутниковой ОПК функционально идентичны первым четырем Galileo на орбите спутников проверки уже на орбите, Оперативный центр полной группировки Galileo, но был построен отдельный промышленный команды.

Как и все другие 21 FOC спутников до сих пор закупаются ЕКА, генподрядчик спутника является OHB в Бремене, Германия и полезной нагрузки навигации был произведен компанией Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd в городе Гилфорд, Великобритания. Фото показанные здесь были приняты в ОНВ.

спутниковой равен примерно размеру и форме старомодной телефонной будки, доминируют его круговыми L-диапазона антенны, которая будет непрерывно транслировать навигационные сообщения на Землю.

меньше, шестиугольные антенны рядом она будет выполнять не менее важная задача - собирание аварийных сообщений от судов, терпящих бедствие было передать службам поиска и спасания, способствуя международной системы КОСПАС-САРСАТ

второй спутник Galileo ВОК должна присоединиться и его предшественник на ESTEC в конце этого лета, готовясь к запуску запланирован на конец этого года.
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

http://www.arianespace.com/news-feature-story/2013/7-23-2013.asp
ЦитироватьThree Soyuz launchers are at the Spaceport for Arianespace's upcoming medium-lift missions from French Guiana

July 23, 2013

Two more Soyuz launchers have now arrived in French Guiana, joining a previously-delivered vehicle that is being readied for Arianespace's next Spaceport mission with the medium-lift workhorse.

The latest pair was brought by the MN Colibri – which is one of two roll-on/roll-off (RO/RO) ships used to transport the Soyuz, Ariane 5 and Vega members of Arianespace's launcher family from Europe to the company's South America operating base.

After docking at Pariacabo Port adjacent to the city of Kourou on Friday, July 19, the unloading began process for these two Russian-built vehicles, initiating a multi-day transfer process by road to the nearby Spaceport – which will be completed this week.

The MN Colibri's large enclosed RO/RO main deck, along with the external storage area on its upper deck, enable two complete Soyuz vehicles to be carried on transatlantic voyages from St. Petersburg, Russia to Kourou, according to Patrick Legris, who is part of Arianespace's logistics team at the Spaceport.

This latest delivery included all components for the two newly-delivered launchers: their first, second and third stages; the Fregat upper stage; payload fairing; and elements of the vehicles' propellant load.

The voyage was under the command of Capt. Anthony Charon, who works for the Compagnie Maritime Nantaise - MN, which operates the MN Colibri and its MN Toucan sister ship for Arianespace.

Charon said the 5,217-naut. mi. trip from St. Petersburg to Kourou took 14.5 days at the ship's operating speed of 15 kts., with the journey performed in excellent summer weather conditions.

The MN Colibri is the primary vessel used by Compagnie Maritime Nantaise - MN for launcher transportation duties on behalf of Arianespace, with the MN Toucan sister ship also available.  MN Colibri is the latest-built of the two, and incorporates certain updates based on the MN Toucan's operating experience for Arianespace, including the capability of stacking containers up to three high on the exterior upper deck.


The MN Colibri is docked at Pariacabo Port after its Atlantic crossing with two Soyuz launchers. Visible on the ship's upper deck external storage area are containers with the Russian-built vehicles' payload fairings.


Capt. Anthony Charon operates the MN Colibri's radar as the roll-on/roll-off ship is prepared for departure from Pariacabo Port after delivering two Soyuz launchers.


Containers with launcher stages for the two newly-delivered Soyuz vehicles await their transfer from Pariacabo Port to the Spaceport. These stages were carried in the MN Colibri's roll-on/roll-off main deck during the voyage from St. Petersburg, Russia to Kourou in French Guiana.
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

http://www.spacenews.com/article/civil-space/36477european-navigation-satellites-running-late-face-traffic-jam#.UfLb26zzPTo
ЦитироватьEuropean Navigation Satellites Running Late, Face Traffic Jam

By Peter B. de Selding | Jul. 26, 2013  


OHB Chief Executive Marco R. Fuchs conceded that OHB had fallen behind the initial delivery schedule. Credit: OHB photo
 
  PARIS — Europe's Galileo satellite navigation system has fallen further behind schedule, with a September-October launch of the first two full-operational-capability satellites now scrapped in hopes the satellites can be ready for a December slot that may also be out of reach, according to industry officials.
The delay of the launch is having a domino effect on the program by delaying the order of the four to eight satellites necessary to complete the 30-satellite constellation.
The 28-nation European Union, which owns Galileo, is hesitant to commit to more satellites before seeing how the initial spacecraft in what is called Galileo's Full Operational Capability (FOC) perform in orbit, officials said.
The two satellites are to be launched aboard a single Europeanized Soyuz rocket following exhaustive testing by the European Space Agency (ESA). They are the first of 22 FOC satellites built by OHB AG of Bremen, Germany, with payload units provided by Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. of Britain.
The first of the two arrived in mid-May at ESA's Estec space technology center in Noordwijk, Netherlands. But it has not yet begun the key thermal-vacuum testing, leaving too many unknowns for Galileo backers to commit to a December launch.
How the satellite performs during these tests, which will last several weeks starting in mid-August, will determine whether the launch slips into 2014, officials said. ESA is managing the testing on behalf of the European Commission, the executive arm of the European Union.
The second satellite remains at prime contractor OHB, where it is undergoing modifications as issues are discovered on the satellite at ESA's premises. This satellite nonetheless will be shipped to Estec for testing before being cleared for launch.
For now, industry officials are setting aside issues related to the availability of the Europeanized Soyuz rocket, operated from Europe's Guiana Space Center spaceport on the northeast coast of South America. But these issues also pose problems for a late-2013 Galileo launch.
Arianespace, the Evry, France-based launch consortium that operates Soyuz and the two other vehicles based at the French Guiana site, the heavy-lift Ariane 5 and the light-class Vega vehicle, is juggling a complicated manifest. Because it cannot find a proper pairing of satellites for a fall launch, Arianespace has scheduled no Ariane 5 flights between August and November. The year's final flight has been pushed to December.
The deployment of launch teams and rocket-tracking radars at the Guiana spaceport means it takes two or three weeks to transition from an Ariane 5 to a Soyuz, or vice versa.
Arianespace's 2014 manifest is crowded, with multiple Soyuz launches for Galileo planned to permit partial service introduction that year — a high priority at the European Commission. Arianespace has further said it may try to fit one or two more Ariane 5 launches into the 2014 manifest if pent-up commercial demand justifies it.
The Galileo program is under political pressure from the European Commission to launch at least once in 2013 — originally, two launches were planned — and above all to conduct enough launches by late 2014 to permit the commission to declare Galileo ready for use by then.
In a July 24 statement on Galileo's progress, the commission listed just about every detail of the program's status and cost except one: the launch schedule for the 22 FOC satellites.
The statement nonetheless said that Galileo's open positioning, navigation and timing service — the one that most closely resembles the GPS signal available today — will be ready for "early services" in 2014.
The commission said Galileo's Public Regulated Service (PRS), whose GPS equivalent is the military code, will be ready in "pilot phase" in 2014 as well.
Galileo's Commercial Service — there is no GPS equivalent — will be ready for "proof of concept in 2014, with early service expected to start in 2016," the commission said.
European Commission Vice President Antonio Tajani, who is overseeing Galileo, has said he will show no mercy to companies that do not meet their contracted delivery schedules.
Officials said Tajani is ready to make an example of the OHB team, which includes Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. of Britain as Galileo FOC payload provider, by imposing financial penalties that industry officials said could be equivalent to 3 percent of the industrial contract. OHB's two contracts with the commission for Galileo satellite production total around 800 million euros ($1.06 billion).
OHB Chief Executive Marco R. Fuchs declined to speculate on contract penalties but conceded in a July 25 interview that OHB had fallen behind the initial delivery schedule.
Fuchs said the reasons for the schedule slips are multiple, that the program is basically on solid ground and that the first FOC satellite has passed its functional testing.
ESA officials did not return requests for comment on the Galileo test results.
Industry officials asked about Galileo gave a variety of assessments as to how the testing at Estec has been progressing. They spoke of payload filters that caused delays, of thermal stability issues and problems related to the higher power that the FOC satellites should deliver relative to the four in-orbit Galileo validation satellites that were launched in 2011 and 2012.
European officials have said they need higher power to overcome potential signal overlaps with China's Beidou navigation constellation. The overlaps would not cause interference with the Galileo signals, but would make it difficult to jam the Chinese signals without also jamming Europe's own PRS.
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

#14
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Navigation/Galileo_spreads_its_wings
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Galileo FOC solar wing deployment
 
 11 July 2013 Deployment of the solar wings on the latest Galileo satellite is shown being checked at ESA's technical hub in the Netherlands. The navigation satellite's pair of 1 x 5 m solar wings, carrying more than 2500 state-of-the-art gallium arsenide solar cells, will power the satellite during its 12-year working life.
 A counterweighted rig supports the deployment, otherwise the delicate fold-out wings – designed for the weightlessness of space – would crumple under the pull of Earth gravity.
 With the first four Galileo 'In-Orbit Validation' satellites already in orbit, this is the first of the rest of Europe's satnav constellation.
 These 'Full Operational Capability' satellites provide the same operational services as their predecessors, but they are built by a new industrial team: OHB in Bremen, Germany build the satellites with Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd in Guildford, UK contributing the navigation payloads.
 There are also a lot more of them: this satellite is only the first of 22 ordered from OHB. It arrived at ESA's ESTEC research and technical centre in Noordwijk in mid-May to begin a rigorous campaign of testing in simulated launch and space conditions, guaranteeing its readiness for launch.
 
 The very first test performed on the satellite once it came out of its container was a System Compatibility Test Campaign, linking it up with the Galileo Control Centres in Germany and Italy and ground user receivers as if it was already in orbit.
 Galileo's wings with 30%-efficient solar cells were fitted at the end of June, supplied by Dutch Space in nearby Leiden.
 Future satellites will have their wings fitted at OHB before coming to ESTEC, but this first satellite offered an opportunity for Dutch Space engineers to train their OHB counterparts in the procedure.


FOC satellite in orbit
 
 "The 22 Galileo FOC satellites are being produced and tested on a batch production basis, which is a new way of working for ESA," explained Jean-Claude Chiarini, overseeing FOC satellite procurement for the Agency.
 "The concept is really to set up a steady flow of satellites from OHB to ESTEC and then Kourou for launch over the next few years.
 "The first four will undergo full validation testing, checking the underlying design is correct, in order to support the formal ground qualification of the design, with subsequent FOC satellites then going through acceptance testing, concentrating on checking workmanship."
 The FOC satellites, while resembling their predecessors, are designed with this production concept in mind. Hinged modules offer easy access to internal subsystems for rapid repair or potential replacement of units.
 The next satellite is due to arrive around the start of August. The battery of simulations includes vibration and acoustic testing, as well as thermal–vacuum testing – submitting them to the airlessness and temperature extremes of space for weeks at a time.
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Navigation/ESA_s_next_Galileo_satellite_passes_its_trial_by_noise
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Galileo satellite in LEAF for acoustic testing
 
    14 August 2013  There might seem to be a hole in the side of this Galileo satellite – in fact its folded solar wings are simply reflecting a noise horn in the wall, about to recreate the deafening roar of a rocket lifting off.
 Anyone witnessing a rocket launch will be struck by the noise levels, even when observing from several kilometres away. A satellite on top of its launcher is exposed to much higher levels, of course. So testing is essential to ensure that the satellite structure can withstand such a sustained loud sound.
 This first Galileo Full Operational Capability (FOC) satellite, successor to the four Galileo navigation satellites already in orbit, underwent acoustic testing in July, part of a full-scale test campaign taking place at ESA's ESTEC Test Centre in Noordwijk, the Netherlands.

 [IMG WIDTH]https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/88131.jpg[/IMG]
Galileo in flight configuration for acoustic testing
 
  The satellite was placed in the Large European Acoustic Facility, LEAF, effectively the largest sound system in Europe. A quartet of noise horns are embedded in one wall of this 11 m wide by 9 m deep and 16.4 m high test chamber.
 Noise is generated by passing a carefully modulated flow of gaseous nitrogen through the horns, following the predetermined test profile – this inert gas sel ected to avoid any contamination of any delicate onboard systems, the satellite having been placed in flight configuration for the purpose of the test.
 "The acoustic noise level reached during the test was 140.7 decibels, about the same noise as standing 25 m away from a jet taking off," explained Georg Deutsch of European Test Services, the company operating the Test Centre for ESA.
 "This involved a maximum liquid nitrogen flow in this case of 3.5–4 kg per second. Liquid nitrogen delivered by tanker is vaporised to pass through the horns. More or less, we were able to finish this test campaign with one full tank of liquid nitrogen – about 18.5 tons."
 
  Once the massive door of the LEAF is closed, its 0.5 m-thick steel-reinforced concrete walls serve to safely contain the sound. These are coated in turn with thick epoxy resin whose reflectivity increases internal reverberation.
 The chamber itself is supported on rubber bearing pads to isolate it from its surroundings.
 The Galileo satellite itself was similarly isolated – its support structure being borne on air-based 'vibration isolators' to make sure any vibration that ensues is due to direct acoustic noise as opposed to resonance from the ground.
 The satellite had to be fitted with dozens of accelerometers to detect internal vibration – large items such as batteries are most prone. The blue cables shown relay accelerometer data. It was also surrounded with microphones to check the acoustic noise around the satellite followed the planned profile, providing around 250 data channels in all.


LEAF
 
  This second FOC satellite arrived at ESTEC on 9 August fr om manufacturer OHB in Bremen, Germany.
 A total of 14 FOC satellites are being produced as part of the first work order for Galileo FOC, which will involve a continuous round of testing at ESTEC as an integral part of their path to orbit. A second work order of eight satellites has been also released to OHB and their production will follow the production of the first batch.
 This first Galileo FOC satellite has since had its delicate solar wings removed as part of its preparation for 'thermal vacuum' testing. It will stay in a vacuum chamber for weeks on end and be subjected to the same temperature extremes it will experience in orbit.
 Once unboxed, the second FOC satellite will undergo a similar acoustic testing and then a 'System Compatibility Test Campaign' will be performed, linking it up with the Galileo Control Centres in Germany and Italy and ground user receivers as if it was already in orbit.
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

http://www.spacenews.com/article/civil-space/36799ohb-expects-to-know-about-galileo-delivery-dates-by-late-september
ЦитироватьOHB Expects To Know About Galileo Delivery Dates by Late September

By Peter B. de Selding | Aug. 15, 2013

 
Galileo navigation satellites. Credit: OHB photo

  PONTE VEDRA, Fla. — Satellite and rocket-component builder OHB AG on Aug. 14 said it should know by late September whether the tests of its first Galileo satellites are proceeding well enough to permit their delivery later this year.
In a conference call with financial analysts, Bremen, Germany-based OHB said Galileo's European government owners want to take the necessary time to validate the performance of the first OHB-built satellites so that production of the 20 remaining spacecraft can be done quickly.
The 20-nation European Space Agency (ESA) and the commission of the 28-nation European Union are the technical managers and owners, respectively, of the Galileo positioning, navigation and timing constellation. The first of the OHB-built satellites entered testing at ESA's European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) in Noordwijk, Netherlands, in May. The second was delivered to ESTEC Aug. 9.
The OHB satellites bear a strong resemblance to the four Galileo in-orbit validation spacecraft now in medium Earth orbit.
But the on-board power of the OHB spacecraft is greater than that of the validation satellites. Galileo managers made the modification in part to enable Galileo's encrypted Public Regulated Service signal to overcome a signal frequency overlap issue with China's Beidou constellation of navigation satellites.
The signal overlap means Europe would be unable to jam China's signals in a given region in a time of conflict without jamming the Galileo signals as well. It would not affect the functioning of the two systems otherwise.
OHB Chief Executive Marco R. Fuchs said during the conference call that the first two satellites could be delivered to ESA "in a matter of weeks" if the test campaigns at ESTEC go smoothly.
"Before the end of the summer we should have a good understanding of where we are in terms of the schedule," Fuchs said.
The first two Galileo satellites are scheduled for launch aboard Europeanized Russian Soyuz rockets from Europe's Guiana Space Center spaceport in South America. European Commission officials have stressed the need to launch the first two satellites this year, with many of the remaining spacecraft to be launched in 2014 to permit early services to start.
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

anik

Initial Operational Galileo Launch Pushed Well Into 2014
By Peter B. de Selding | Sep. 26, 2013

http://www.spacenews.com/article/launch-report/37397initial-operational-galileo-launch-pushed-well-into-2014

BEIJING — Further delays in ground testing of two satellites that will become the first fully operational craft in Europe's Galileo navigation constellation have pushed back their launch to around June 2014, industry officials said.

The delay will compromise the goal of Galileo's owner, the 28-nation European Commission, to demonstrate initial Galileo positioning, navigation and timing services by late 2014.

The latest schedule slip appears to be due to a confluence of unrelated factors, officials said. The first is the production delays on the satellites themselves, which were several months behind schedule following issues on the payload and platform side.

The first two payloads were delivered late by Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. of Britain to satellite prime contractor OHB AG of Bremen, Germany. OHB then ran into its own separate issues related to the satellite platform and did not deliver the first satellite to the 20-nation European Space Agency (ESA) for testing until last May.

Testing is scheduled to occur at ESA's European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC). The second Galileo satellite arrived in August.

But officials said it appears that the ESTEC thermal vacuum chamber, designed to test satellites under conditions resembling those encountered in orbit, was not immediately ready for the Galileo tests and required additional work.

These obstacles meant the two satellites would not be cleared by ESA for shipment to Europe's Guiana Space Center spaceport in South America in time for a 2013 launch aboard a Europeanized Soyuz rocket.

With these schedule slips, and the last-minute launch postponement by another European Soyuz customer, O3b Networks of Britain's Channel Islands, the Soyuz manifest for 2014 looks to be at least as crowded as was the 2013 manifest — assuming no more satellite delays.

Glitches aboard the O3b satellites prompted the postponement, and now the company wants two launches aboard Soyuz rockets in 2014 instead of one. ESA's Sentinel 1A satellite, which had also been a candidate for a 2013 Soyuz launch, is now tentatively slated for early in 2014.

These three campaigns, plus other customers and an undetermined number of Galileo launches — OHB is building 22 satellites for the Galileo constellation — must be shoehorned into a Soyuz manifest that might not be able to accommodate more than four campaigns in 2014.

One official familiar with the status of the Galileo satellites said a six-week test of the first satellite in the ESTEC thermal vacuum chamber would begin in early October. If that shows no issues with the hardware, the second satellite will be put through a similar, but perhaps shorter, thermal vacuum test.

"Everyone is very satisfied with the OHB design," this official said. "But they took longer than they had thought to perform the integration and testing, and overall satellite preparation at ESTEC, where the satellites were under OHB's responsibility. At this point a late spring launch looks OK, but making forecasts before thermal vacuum tests is difficult."

Salo

http://www.spacenews.com/article/launch-report/40118galileo-delay-could-save-arianespace-from-difficult-decision
ЦитироватьGalileo Delay Could Save Arianespace from Difficult Decision
By Peter B. de Selding | Apr. 4, 2014

O3b and SES had asked Arianespace to reserve the June Soyuz launch for four O3b satellites (above, initial launch of O3b satellites). Credit: Arianespace photo

KOUROU, French Guiana — A confrontation between the European Commission and the world's second-largest commercial satellite fleet operator about priority access to a June launch slot appears to have been resolved with delays in the delivery of the commission's spacecraft, government and industry officials said.
As a result, a June slot for a Europeanized Russian Soyuz rocket is all but certain to be given to O3b Networks, a startup broadband satellite operator that badly needs to add to its in-orbit constellation.
Based in Britain's Channel Islands, O3b's biggest shareholder is SES of Luxembourg, one of the biggest customers for European Ariane 5 heavy-lift rockets, which are operated alongside Soyuz and the small-satellite Vega launcher at Europe's spaceport here on the northeast coast of South America.
O3b and SES had asked launch service provider Arianespace to reserve the June Soyuz launch for four O3b satellites. The sooner they were launched, O3b and SES said, the less likely it was that a defect on the current four-satellite constellation would lead to a shutdown of O3b's fledgling commercial business.
But the European Commission, which has become perhaps Arianespace's biggest single customer, was adamant that it wanted three Soyuz launches this year to be able to provide initial services from its Galileo positioning, navigation and timing constellation by late this year or early 2015.
Four Galileo satellites are in orbit. The commission had said that a minimum of 10 were needed to provide initial services, meaning the equivalent of three Soyuz campaigns, each carrying two Galileo satellites.
Both O3b and Galileo are late, having missed launch opportunities in 2013. O3b needed to correct the defect in the first four satellites, discovered only weeks before the second O3b launch. Galileo's first two satellites were delayed when it developed that their antennas would need to be replaced.
But Galileo and O3b have now overcome these problems and, until recently, were both targeting arrivals here sometime in April. That would force Arianespace into a difficult choice.
O3b has said its four satellites are ready for delivery. Arianespace Chief Executive Stephane Israel, briefing reporters here April 4 after the Soyuz launch, confirmed that the O3b spacecraft were packed and ready for shipment from continental Europe as early as the week of April 7.
Two officials said the prime minister of Luxembourg wrote the 20-nation European Space Agency, among others, urging that O3b not be shunted aside because of political pressure from the European Commission to launch Galileo.
ESA Director-General Jean-Jacques Dordain, speaking to reporters here April 3 after the Soyuz launch, said it now appeared that the two Galileo satellites would not be shipped before the first week of May.
It is Arianespace's job to decide launch priority, Dordain said, adding that political pressure from Luxembourg on the one hand and the European Commission on the other is a normal reaction of people defending their home teams.
Dordain also said that Galileo needs only eight satellites in orbit, not 10, to begin initial services. He said he remains committed to delivering six satellites to the spaceport in 2014, but that even if only four of them are launched, ESA can keep its word to the European Commission with respect to the start of Galileo services by early 2015.
Israel declined to say how Arianespace would decide the issue, but stressed that any decision would made only after consulting with ESA, the European Commission and O3b.
Arianespace's past policy has been to accord launch slots on a first-come, first-served basis in cases when satellites miss their initially contracted launch dates.
Arianespace has scheduled three more Soyuz launches in 2014 after the successful first mission April 3. O3b has another four-satellite pack awaiting launch and had hoped for a slot late this year. That is now likely to slip to 2015, industry officials said.
Assuming it secures two launches this year starting in August, the commission's Galileo program has 18 more satellites to launch. Officials said it is possible that O3b and Galileo will be fighting anew next year for the earliest possible Soyuz slot.
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

che wi

ЦитироватьEurope's latest Galileo navigation satellite has arrived at the Agency's technical centre in the Netherlands for testing, as the previous two satellites are prepared for shipping to French Guiana for launch this summer.
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Meanwhile, the previous two Galileo satellites have completed their long test campaign and are being readied for shipping to Europe's Spaceport in French Guiana, for launch together by Soyuz.
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http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Navigation/Latest_Galileo_satellite_arrives_at_ESA_s_test_centre